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APWH/Stearns

CHAPTER 12: REUNIFICATION & RENAISSANCE CHINA

QuestionAnswer
Wendi Member of prominent northern Chinese family during period of Six Dynasties; proclaimed himself emperor; supported by nomadic peoples of northern China; established Sui dynasty.
Yangdi Restored Confucian examination system; constructed a canal system; assassinated in 618.
Li Yuan Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; took over empire following assassination of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took imperial title of Gaozu.
Ministry of Rites Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars.
jinshi Title granted to those students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office.
Chan Buddhism Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society.
Mahayana Chinese version of Buddhism; placed considerable emphasis on Buddha as god or savior.
Wuzong Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology.
Khitan nomads Founded the Liao Dynasty of Manchuria, 907; remianed a threat to Song China; highly influenced by Chinese culture.
Zhao Kuangyin Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent.
Zhu Xi Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action.
Wang Anshi Confucian scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in 1070s; introduced sweeping reforms based on Legalists; advocated greater state intervention in society.
Southern Song Rump state of Song dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of much larger domains ruled by the Tang and northern Song.
Jurchens Founders of the Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south.
Grand Canal Canal system begun by Shi Yangdi joining the Yellow River region to the Yangtze basin.
junks Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula.
flying money Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency.
Changan Capital of Tang dynasty; population of two million, larger than any other city in the world at that time.
Hangzhou Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded one million.
foot-binding Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household.
Bi Sheng Devised a technique of printing with movable type making it possible for China to be the most contemporary literate civilization.
Li Bo Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings.
Created by: mcdougcf
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