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DM Hippology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the ideal slope of the shoulders? | 45° to 50° degrees |
| What is the the definition for camped out? | It is when the front feet are to far forward |
| Name three characteristics of good quality hay. | Free of mold and dust - harvested at early stage - free of blister beetles - lots of leaves - green leaves - |
| Why should shavings from a black walnut tree NEVER be used in a stall? | They can cause 'Laminitis' or 'Founder' |
| What is one type of fly that feeds by piercing the horses skin in a bayonets type tube? | 'Horse Fly' -or- 'Deer Fly' |
| At what age is a horse considered 'old'? | 20 Years |
| An intact male horse is called a what? | Stallion |
| What gender of horse is NOT recommended for a 4-H exhibitor? | Stallion |
| What type of horseshoes are used to enhance leg action by changing the timing up and adding momentum to the horses stride? | 'Weighted Shoes' |
| What is a component of feed that is used for the maintenance of life and growth called? | 'Nutrient' |
| What is a vitamin that is formed in the presence of sunlight? | 'Vitamin D' |
| What are fats with no double bonds in the carbon chain called? | 'Saturated fat' |
| A breed of horse used mostly for harness racing - | Standerdbred |
| A breed of horse used extensively for racing and performance sports - | 'Thoroughbred' |
| When buying a horse, what is the desired conformation? | 'The Breed Standard' |
| In what country are the most saddles made? | U. S. A. |
| What are the building blocks of protein? | Amino acids |
| Bred for its fine natural walk, what is the mount used by conquistadors?- it's name means "fancy Walker" | Paso Fino |
| Name three things that show age In a horse- | Wear of teeth - Greying of muzzle - Sunken Temples |
| Name three things that you would take in consideration when exercising your horse- | Age - Condition - and Performance - |
| What is the MAJOR nutrient, other than salt, that horses need? | Calcium or Phosphorus |
| What is a major consideration when buying a horse trailer? | Safety |
| What is a horse that matures at 58" Called? | A pony |
| What is the primary breeding ground for flies? | Manure |
| What is the latest you should vaccinate your horse before you leave on a trip? | 2 Weeks |
| What are two things you can do for a horse that is overheated? ( Hyperthermia) | Hose with water - put horse in the shade or cold stall - use a fan - put ice on head or topline - give horse a few swallows of water |
| What is a laceration? | A wound with jagged edges |
| What is proud flesh? | Skin that has healed and is protruding ( raised up) |
| What is the angle of the shoulder you should look for on a horse with good conformation? | 45° degrees |
| What part of the horses body should support the saddle? | The withers |
| What would be the major factors in choosing a synthetic saddle over a leather saddle? | Cost and lighter weight |
| What gate is easiest to recognize lameness in a horse? | Trot |
| Name one group that supports 4-H clubs. | County Extension Agents |
| What is used to remove dead sole from the hoof? | Hoof knife |
| What are three ways to prevent barn fires? | Have fire extinguisher in barn - NO SMOKING - have fire department number in barn - store hay away from barn - |
| What is the part of the horses digestive system that you hear gut sounds from? | The Cecum |
| What is a white marking on the nose of the horse called? | Snipe |
| Name three things that you should consider when buying a horse? | Age of rider-age of horse-horses level of training-cost-horse and rider combination-breed-managment experience-color-registration or grade -purpose/intended use for horse-temperament of horse |
| Name three items found in a horses first aid kit | Antiseptic,vet wrap,bandages,straight scissors,practical cotton,sheet cotton,leg wraps,twitch,eye wash,soap,Bute,syringe,thermometer, watch |
| What horse gets its name from running the half mile? | Quarter horse |
| What organ does a human have that a horse doesn't? | Gallbladder |
| What is the most common color of Quarter Horse? | Sorrel |
| What test is MANDATORY for travel? | Coggins |
| What is the name for a practice that is used to identify mares in estrus? | Teasing |
| When traveling long distances,how often should a horse be offered water? | Every 3-4 hours |
| To what side of the heart does blood return from the body | Right side |
| What problem develops from too much vitamin D? | Soft tissue calcification |
| Name the Wedges-Shaped area of the ovary from which ova are shed. | Ovulation fossa |
| What type of martingale allows the rider to remain contact with the bit at all times? | Running martingale |
| Approximately how much blood does a 1000 lb.adult horse have? | 13.2 gallons or 50 liters |
| What is the function of insulin? | To control blood sugar levels and utilization of sugar in the body. |
| What are alleles? | Genes that are located at the same physical position on a chromosome. |
| What are the two most common calculations used to evaluate the energy content of horse feeds? | Relative feeding value (RFV) total digestible nutrients (TDN) digestible energy (DE) |
| Name four basic styles of English girth. | String / elastic-end contour leather / threefold leather / balding leather / web / humane |
| Which legume is noted for sometimes having a mold infection that may cause a horse to slobber? | Red Clover |
| What two factors determine hoof size? | Heredity and nutrition |
| Name four types of open wounds. | Incision, laceration, tears (avulision), punctures, penetrating wounds, abrasion |
| Name four functions of the American Horse Show Association | Sanctioning various types of shows-keeping all records - licenses judges and steward- handles disciplinary measure - awards annual prizes-compiles annual rule book |
| What is the difference between true and false ribs? | True ribs- attach to the sternum by cartilage False ribs-connect to each other by cartilage and then to the sternum |
| Name three things whose length is determined by shoulder angle | Length if neck, length of back, length of stride, depth of heart girth, |
| Give two reasons why you do not need to add vitamin B to a horses ration. | Good quality hay is an excellent source, significant amounts are produced in the horses large intestine |
| What is the nervous system made up of? | The brain, spinal cord, associated nerves, and special senses |
| Name three functions of the alimentary canal. | Digests food, absorbs nutrients, eliminate remaining food waste |
| What are "Trace Minerals? | Mineral that are found in small quantities in feed stuffs and are required by the body in small quantities |
| What is the first step to treating a wound? | Open the affected area and allow it to drain |
| Name three paths of physiological water loss from a horses body | Feces, sweat, urine, and respiration |
| For a horses ration, approximately what percentage of the body weight should be long stemmed roughage? | 0.75% - 1% |
| Streptococcus Equi was first described in 1988 as the bacteria causing what disease? | Strangles |
| How do you measure the size of an English saddle? | Distance from the saddle nail to the mid-point of the cantle |
| What is the tissue of the outside of the coffin bone that is attached to the horny tissue? | Sensitive laminae |
| What determines the amount of energy required by a muscle? | How fast it is contracting |
| On what continent did Equus originate? | North America |
| Name the Genus of the living members of the horse family | Equus |
| What is the name for an inflammation of the udders? | Mastitis |
| What is the name for dark spots on a white coronet band? | Distal Spots |
| Horses with sickle hocks are predisposed to what problem? | Curbs |
| What is the name for a protrusion of intestine through the abdominal wall into the skin pouch the holds the testicles? | Scrotal Hernia |
| Which grain when fed in excess may form a dough-ball in the horses stomach? | Wheat |
| What color are the eggs of the _nose_ bot fly? | Blackish |
| Why is a horse or mule with little or no withers undesirable as a pack animal? | Because their conformation allows the saddke to turn and rub, creating painful sores. |
| Explain the difference between roan and gray. | Roan -born with the same proportion of white hairs as will be present in each successive coat. Gray -each new coat adds more and more white hairs until the horse appears white |
| What is the main function if a headstall? | To hold the bit evenly and comfortably in the horses mouth |
| Give two functions of the "but bar" in a horse trailer. | Gives horse something to brace against instead of the door- Safety mechanism to keep horse in trailer in case the door or ramp should come open. |
| What is the main reason for using a web stall guard? | To allow more air circulation into a stall, alleviate boredom so tge horse can see, keep horse in the stall, replace the door. |
| How many pairs of chromosomes are responsible for the sex of a foal? | One pair |
| What is currently the only surviving species of wild horse native to Eastern Asia? | Prezewalski Horse |
| Where in the horse's digestive system would you find bot larva attached? | Stomach |
| Describe what parts of the horse interfere when a horse forges | The toe of the hind foot hits the sole or the shoe of the forefoot on the same side. |
| Give two functions of clips on horseshoes | Stabilizes the shoe on the foot, and takes stress off the nails |
| When training a young horse what must be specific and consistent? | Cues |
| Name three factors that influence the water requirements of a horse. | Air temperature, activity level, function(pregnate,lactating) feed intake, type of feed. |
| What is the "key" To a successful parasite control program? | Interruption of the parasite's life cycle |
| What horse breed has a completely natural 4-beat gait? | Peruvian Paso |
| What is the most important winter feed for horses? | Good quality hay |
| When did the horse and pony programs become a part of the 4-H programs? | 1960's |
| In order to establish a breeding program what must be purchased? | Mares & Stallions |
| Age determined in a horse is made by studying which of the teeth? | The twelve front teeth called incisors |
| Name the four major ways to estimate a horses age by the teeth | 1) occurrence of permanet teeth 2) disappearance of cups 3) angle of incidence 4) Shape of the teeth surfaces |
| What is the angle of incidence? | The angle formed where the upper and lower incisor teeth meet |
| What is an accelerant? | Substances that increase the speed at which a fire spreads |
| What is an ignition source? | Something that can cause an accelerant or flammable material to ignite or smolder |
| Give examples of ignition sources. | Cigarettes and matches, sparks from welding machines and machinery(tractors,mowers,trucks) motors, heaters, electrical appliances, fence chargers, |
| Name the fat soluble vitamins | A. D. E. K. |
| What nutrient is used for growth and tissue maintenance? | Protein |
| What is the term for inflammation of a joint? | Arthuritis |
| How is Equine Influenza transmitted from one horse to another? | Bodily fluids, sneezing, air droplets, |
| What registry is the thorough bred registered in? | The jockey club |
| What is it called when a horse does not want to leave the barn? | Barn sour |
| What forms the bases of movement, length of stride,and ultimately performance? | Balance |
| Name three materials that are commonly used for the construction of barns. | Wood, steel aluminum, concrete, concrete block, metal, |
| What stall door is suitable for safety and ease of operation? | Sliding door |
| What are the threadlike structures that appear in pairs or twins in the body cells? | Chromosomes |
| When referring to for action, what is meant by height? | The amount of elevation in the stride |
| Normally a horse voids how much feces per day? | 33 to 55 pounds |
| How long is the entire life cycle of the bot fly? | 1 year |
| What is the equine counterpart to the human knee? | The Stifle |
| What is one reason to use molasses in horse feed? | Reduces dust, improves taste |
| What type of shoe is put on the back of reining horses to help them slide? | Sliding plates |
| The horse's forearms bear about what percent of its weight? | 65% |
| What disease does the Coggins test detect | EIA Equine Infectious Anemia |
| What is the term used to described the measure of how much blood the heart can pump per minute, heart rate times stroke volume? | Cardiac output |
| What should be done to prevent streams and river banks from trampling? | Fence horse out of streams and river banks. |
| Do high rates of fermented microbial digestion occur in the foregut or the Hindus? | Hindgut |
| What problem can be associated with Black Walnut shavings? | Founder |
| A horse given a Body Conditioning Score of 9 would be classified as? | Obese, Overweight |
Created by:
Makayla0929
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