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MD Terminology 3rd e
Body Structure (Chpt. 3)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abdominal cavity | Body space between the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the diaphragm |
| blood system | body system that includes blood and all its component parts. |
| cardiovascular system | body system that includes the heart and blood vessels; circulatory system |
| cell | smallest unit of a living structure |
| connective tissue | fibrous substance that forms the body's supportive framework. |
| cranial cavity | space in the head that contains the brain. |
| diaphragm | muscle that divides the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
| digestive system | body system that includes all organs of digestion and waste excretion, from the mouth to the anus |
| dorsal cavity | main cavity on the back side of the body containing the cranial and spinal cavities |
| endocrine system | body system that includes glands which secrete hormones to regulate certain body functions. |
| epithelial tissue | tissue that covers or lines the body or its parts |
| integumentary system | body system that includes skin, hair, and nails. |
| lymphatic and immune system | body system that includes the lymph, glands of the lymphatic system, lymphatic vessels, and the specific and nonspecific defenses of the immune system |
| muscle tissue | tissue that is able to contract and relax |
| musculoskeletal system | body system that includes muscles, bones, and cartilage |
| nervous system | body system that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and controls most body functions by sending and receiving messages |
| organ | group of specialized tissue that performs a specific function |
| pelvic cavity | body space below the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs |
| reproductive system | either the male or female body system that controls reproduction |
| respiratory system | body system that includes the lungs and airways and performs breathing |
| sensory system | body system that includes the eyes and ears and parts of the other systems involved in the reactions of the five senses. |
| spinal cavity | body space that contains the spinal cord |
| system | any group of organs and ancillary parts that work together to perform a major body function |
| thoracic cavity | body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels |
| tissue | any group of cells that work together to perform a single function |
| urinary system | body system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra and helps maintain homeostasis by removing fluid and dissolved waste |
| ventral cavity | major cavity in the front of the body containing the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities |
| nervous tissue | specialized tissue that forms nerve cells and is capable of transmitting messages. |
| anterior | at or toward the front |
| coronal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions |
| cross-sectional plane | imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally |
| deep | away from the surface (of the body) |
| distal | away from the point of attachment to the trunk |
| dorsal | at or toward the back of the body |
| epigastric region | area of the body immediately above the stomach |
| frontal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions |
| hypochondriac regions | Left and right regions of the body just below the cartilage of the ribs and immediately above the abdomen |
| hypogastric region | area of the body just below the umbilical region |
| iliac regions | left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone. |
| inferior | below another body structure |
| inguinal regions | left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone |
| lateral | to the side |
| lateral plane | imaginary line that divides the body perpendicularly to the medial plane |
| left lower quadrant (LLQ) | Quadrant on the lower left anterior side of the patient's body |
| Left upper quadrant (LUQ) | Quadrant on the upper left anterior side of the patient's body |
| lumbar regions | left and right regions of the body near the abdomen |
| medial | at or near the middle (of the body) |
| medial plane | imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves. |
| midsagittal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves |
| posterior | at or toward the back side (of the body) |
| prone | lying on the stomach face down |
| proximal | at or near the point of attachment to the trunk |
| right lower quadrant (RLQ) | Quadrant on the lower right anterior side of the patient's body |
| Right upper quadrant (RUQ) | Quadrant on the upper right anterior side of the patient's body |
| sagittal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into right and left portions |
| superficial | at or near the surface (of the body) |
| superior | above another body structure |
| supine | lying on the spine facing upward |
| transverse plane | imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally |
| umbilical region | area of the body surrounding the umbilicus |
| ventral | at or toward the front (of the body) |
Created by:
Queen Elizabeth
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