click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MD Terminology 3rd e
Body Structure (Chpt. 3)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
abdominal cavity | Body space between the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the diaphragm |
blood system | body system that includes blood and all its component parts. |
cardiovascular system | body system that includes the heart and blood vessels; circulatory system |
cell | smallest unit of a living structure |
connective tissue | fibrous substance that forms the body's supportive framework. |
cranial cavity | space in the head that contains the brain. |
diaphragm | muscle that divides the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
digestive system | body system that includes all organs of digestion and waste excretion, from the mouth to the anus |
dorsal cavity | main cavity on the back side of the body containing the cranial and spinal cavities |
endocrine system | body system that includes glands which secrete hormones to regulate certain body functions. |
epithelial tissue | tissue that covers or lines the body or its parts |
integumentary system | body system that includes skin, hair, and nails. |
lymphatic and immune system | body system that includes the lymph, glands of the lymphatic system, lymphatic vessels, and the specific and nonspecific defenses of the immune system |
muscle tissue | tissue that is able to contract and relax |
musculoskeletal system | body system that includes muscles, bones, and cartilage |
nervous system | body system that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and controls most body functions by sending and receiving messages |
organ | group of specialized tissue that performs a specific function |
pelvic cavity | body space below the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs |
reproductive system | either the male or female body system that controls reproduction |
respiratory system | body system that includes the lungs and airways and performs breathing |
sensory system | body system that includes the eyes and ears and parts of the other systems involved in the reactions of the five senses. |
spinal cavity | body space that contains the spinal cord |
system | any group of organs and ancillary parts that work together to perform a major body function |
thoracic cavity | body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels |
tissue | any group of cells that work together to perform a single function |
urinary system | body system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra and helps maintain homeostasis by removing fluid and dissolved waste |
ventral cavity | major cavity in the front of the body containing the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities |
nervous tissue | specialized tissue that forms nerve cells and is capable of transmitting messages. |
anterior | at or toward the front |
coronal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions |
cross-sectional plane | imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally |
deep | away from the surface (of the body) |
distal | away from the point of attachment to the trunk |
dorsal | at or toward the back of the body |
epigastric region | area of the body immediately above the stomach |
frontal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions |
hypochondriac regions | Left and right regions of the body just below the cartilage of the ribs and immediately above the abdomen |
hypogastric region | area of the body just below the umbilical region |
iliac regions | left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone. |
inferior | below another body structure |
inguinal regions | left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone |
lateral | to the side |
lateral plane | imaginary line that divides the body perpendicularly to the medial plane |
left lower quadrant (LLQ) | Quadrant on the lower left anterior side of the patient's body |
Left upper quadrant (LUQ) | Quadrant on the upper left anterior side of the patient's body |
lumbar regions | left and right regions of the body near the abdomen |
medial | at or near the middle (of the body) |
medial plane | imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves. |
midsagittal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves |
posterior | at or toward the back side (of the body) |
prone | lying on the stomach face down |
proximal | at or near the point of attachment to the trunk |
right lower quadrant (RLQ) | Quadrant on the lower right anterior side of the patient's body |
Right upper quadrant (RUQ) | Quadrant on the upper right anterior side of the patient's body |
sagittal plane | imaginary line that divides the body into right and left portions |
superficial | at or near the surface (of the body) |
superior | above another body structure |
supine | lying on the spine facing upward |
transverse plane | imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally |
umbilical region | area of the body surrounding the umbilicus |
ventral | at or toward the front (of the body) |