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ch.26
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Triple Alliance | a secret agreement between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. It was formed on 20 May 1882 and renewed periodically until it expired in 1915 during World War I |
| Triple Entente | The Triple Entente was the military alliance formed between Russia, Great Britain and France before World War I. |
| Franz Ferdinand | a member of the imperial Habsburg dynasty, and from 1896 until his death the heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne |
| Gavrillo Princip | a Serbian nationalist who became the catalyst for World War I when he assassinated Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo on June 28th, 1914. |
| neutral | not helping or supporting either side in a conflict, disagreement |
| Central Powers | a group of nations fighting against the Allied Powers during World War I. The members included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria and their territories. |
| Allied Powers | people, groups, or nations that have joined in an association for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose. |
| Western Front | the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened it |
| Trench Warfare | a type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other. |
| total war | a war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded. |
| propaganda | information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view. |
| Battle of Verdun | was fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916, was the largest and longest battle of the First World War on the Western Front between the German and French armies. The battle took place on the hills north of Verdun-sur-Meuse in north-eastern France |
| Gallipoli Campaign | was a long unsuccessful campaign of the First World War that took place on the Gallipoli peninsula |
| genocide | the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. |
| Bolsheviks | a member of the majority faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party, which was renamed the Communist Party after seizing power in the October Revolution of 1917. |
| Grigory Rasoutin | a Russian mystic and self-proclaimed holy man who befriended the family of Tsar Nicholas II, the last monarch of Russia, and gained considerable influence in late imperial Russia. |
| Marxism-Leninism | a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. |
| Leon Trotsky | a Russian revolutionary, Marxist theorist, and Soviet politician whose particular strain of Marxist thought is known as Trotskyism |
| New Economic Policy | an economic policy of Soviet Russia proposed by Vladimir Lenin in 1921 as a temporary expedient. |
| Woodrow Wilson | an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. Was neutral then declared war |
| U-boats | a German submarine used in World War I or World War II |
| Zimmermann Note | a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico. |
| armistice | an agreement made by opposing sides in a war to stop fighting for a certain time; a truce. |
| Fourteen Points | a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson. |
| Treaty of Versailles | This Treaty ended the war between Germany and Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919 in Versailles, five years after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand led to World War I. other Central Powers on German side of World War I signed separatly |
| League of Nations | an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes. |
| mandates | the authority to carry out a policy or course of action, regarded as given by the electorate to a candidate or party that is victorious in an election. |
| Balfour Declaration | statement of British support for “the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people.” It was made in a letter from Arthur James Balfour, the British foreign secretary, to Lionel Walter Rothschild, a leader of British Jewry. |
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