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W History - Topic 8
W History - Topic 8 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
hijra | Muhammad’s journey from Mecca to Medina in 622 |
mosque | Muslim house of worship |
Quran | sacred text of Islam |
hajj | one of the Five Pillars of Islam, the pilgrimage that all Muslims are expected to make at least once in their lifetime |
Sharia | body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life |
caliph | successor to Muhammad as political and religious leader of the Muslims |
Sufi | Muslim mystic who seeks communion with God through meditation, fasting, and other rituals |
minaret | slender tower of a mosque, from which Muslims are called to prayer |
sultan | Muslim ruler |
social mobility | the ability to move in social class |
calligraphy | the art of producing beautiful handwriting |
janizary | a member of the elite forces of the Ottoman army |
shah | king |
savanna | grassy plain with irregular patterns of rainfall |
cataract | waterfall |
desertification | process by which fertile or semi-fertile land becomes desert |
surplus | an amount that is more than needed; excess |
commodity | valuable product |
Swahili | an East African culture that emerged about A.D 1000; also a Bantu-based language, blending Arabic words and written in Arabic script. |
nuclear family | family unit consisting of parents and children |
patrilineal | kinship ties that are passed on through the father’s side of the family |
matrilineal | kinship ties that are passed on through the mother’s side of the family |
lineage | a group claiming a common ancestor |
consensus | widespread agreement among all members of a group |
griot | professional storyteller in early West Africa |