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The Cold War
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What happens to Germany after WWII? | Divided into zones |
Who agrees to allow free elections? | Stalin |
United Nations? | International organization with 50 original members, 5 having veto power |
Soviet Union after WWII? | Destroyed, controlled Eastern Europe, hates the U.S. and spreads communism |
East Germany? | Communist |
West Germany? | Democratic |
Iron Curtain? | Churchill's name for European division during the Cold War |
Containment? | U.S. plan to stop spread of communism |
Truman Doctrine? | Plan to help countries that reject communism |
Marshall Plan? | U.S. program to assist Western Europe |
Berlin Airlift? | U.S. Britain, and France give food to their former occupation zones that are being starved out by the Soviet Union |
NATO? | North Atlantic Treaty Organization, military alliance between U.S., Canada, and West Europe |
Warsaw Pact? | Soviets and Eastern European nations |
Berlin Wall? | divides East and West Berlin |
What causes more tension between the U.S. and Soviet Union? | Soviets have first atomic bomb, both have hydrogen bombs, Soviets shoot down spy plane, and Soviets have Sputnik |
What is brinkmanship? | Policy of willingness to go to the edge of war |
Mao Zedong? | Chinese communist leader |
Jiang Jeishi? | Chinese nationalist leader |
Chinese Civil War? | Resumes after WWII between communists and nationalists, most convert to communism due to economic issues, Mao's troops take major cities |
Chinese Nationalists? | Move to Taiwan, form People's Republic of China, supported by the U.S. |
Chinese communism? | Mao takes property and gives it to the poor, but reduces his role, government takes companies, create communes, clash with Soviet Union |
Red guard? | Militia units formed to enforce communism in China, close schools and kill many intellectuals |
Cultural Revolution? | Movement to build a society of peasants and workers |
Korea after Russo-Japanese war? | finally free of Japan, but divided in half by the U.S. and the Soviet Union of the 38th parallel |
North Korea? | controlled by Soviet Union, communist government led by Kim Il- Sung |
South Korea? | Controlled by the U.S. and led by Syngman Rhee |
Korean War? | North Korea invades South Korea because the U.S. didn't give the south weapons, China joins the war, war becomes first major proxy war and first to integrate black troops |
Vietnam War? | France controls Vietnam, nationalists led by Ho Chi Minh who took the capitol and fought the French |
Ho Chi Minh? | Vietnamese communist leader who founded the Viet Minh |
Geneva Accords? | declared a cease-fire in Vietnam, divided into North (Minh) and South (French) Vietnam, assumed temporary |
Domino Theory? | Theory of communism spreading |
Viet Cong? | A guerrilla army supported by Minh to get rid of Diem in Vietnam |
Gulf of Tonkin? | U.S. thinks North Vietnam attacked their navy so they send troops into Vietnam |
Vietnam cease-fire? | Allied troops leave Vietnam but North Vietnam then takes South Vietnam and reunifies the country as communist |
Third World? | Developing nations that are newly independent and nonaligned and fought over by the U.S., Soviet Union, and China |
Nonaligned nations? | Indonesia hosts Asian and African leaders who want neutrality |
Fidel Castro? | Leads revolt in Cuba, nationalizes Cuban economy, and defeats the U.S. at the Bay of Pigs |
Cuban Missile Crisis? | U.S. demands removal of Soviet missiles in Cuba, Soviets withdraw missiles, U.S. leaves Cuba alone, Cuban economy left dependent on Soviets |
Anastasio Somoza? | Nicaraguan dictator supported by the U.S. |
Daniel Ortega? | leads Sandinista rebels in Nicaragua |
Sandinistas? | Supported by the U.S. until they help communists in El Salvador |
Nikita Krushchev? | Leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin, condemns Stalin, puts down anti-communist Hungarian protestors |
Leonid Brezhnev? | Soviet leader after Krushchev, represses dissent |
Soviet-Chinese split? | Tensions grow, both want to lead world communism, small fights across the border |
John F. Kennedy? | U.S. president during the Cuban Missile Crisis |
Lyndon B. Johnson? | President who increases U.S. involvement in Vietnam War |
De'tente? | Policy of reducing Cold War tensions that grows from realpolitik |
Richard M. Nixon? | President who uses de'tente, visits China and Soviet Union, and signs SALT I treaty |
SALT I? | limits the production of nuclear weapons |
Ronald Reagan? | Anti-communist and signs SALT II act |