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Early Middle Ages
Baker's Early Middle Ages in Europe
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dates of early middle ages | 500-1000 AD |
| Dates of central middle ages | 1000-1350 AD |
| Dates of late middle ages | 1350-1500 AD |
| "Barbarian" tribes of Scotland | Picts |
| Ethnic background of Picts | Celt |
| 3 barbarian tribes of Germany | Goths, Vandals, Lombards |
| converted German barbarian tribes to Christianity | Ulfilas |
| Oldest living human institution in the world | papacy |
| writer of first non-scriptural papal text | Clement |
| recipient of Clement's letter | Corinth |
| Date of Clement's letter | 95 AD |
| Biblical passage used to establish papacy | Matthew 16:18 |
| name given to the seat of the bishop of Rome | Roman see |
| first pope to claim the authority of Matthew 16:18 | Damasus |
| 1st pope to claim Peter's authority | Leo I |
| Pope who defended Rome against the Lombards | Gregory I |
| Pope who sent 30 missionaries, including Augustine, to England | Gregory I |
| papal tradition established by Gregory I | pope's involvement in world affairs |
| 1st western ascetic monk | St. Anthony |
| name given to solitary monks | eremetic |
| established communal life of monks | Pachomius |
| name given to communal monks | cenobitic |
| place where communal monks live | monastery |
| head of a monastery | abbot |
| established the standard rules for monks | St. Benedict |
| name of the rule for monks | Benedictine rule |
| name of the place where monks copied manuscripts | scriptorium |
| term used for illustrating manuscripts | illuminating |
| main Benedictine monastery | Monte Cassino |
| founder of the Merovingian dynasty of Frankish rulers | Clovis |
| name of office whose holder gained more power as Merovingians became weak | mayor of the palace |
| Mayor of the Palace who defeated the Islamic invaders at the Battle of Tours | Charles Martel |
| Charles Martel's son | Pepin the Short |
| pope who confirmed Pepin's sovereignty | Stephen II |
| Pepin's son | Charlemagne |
| Charlemagne's reign | 768-814 |
| Charlemagne's weak son | Louis the Pious |
| what happened to the Frankish empire after Louis the Pious death? | divided among his three sons |
| names of Louis the Pious' three sons | Charles the Bald, Louis the German, Lothar I |
| name of the period during which Charlemagne and his successors encouraged learning and culture | Carolingian Renaissance |
| what important effect on the Latin language occured during the Carolingian Renaissance? | Medieval Latin was standardized |
| Why was it important that Latin be standardized? | everyone in Europe could communicate in a common language |
| what did the standardization of Latin do for the areas' local languages | freed them to develop independently of each other |
| what is the familiar language in use in an area called? | vernacular |
| What handwriting innovation developed during the Carolingian Renaissance? | addition of lower case letters |
| What were the lower case letters called? | Carolingian miniscules |
| What was the name for the standard subjects taught in Carolingian schools? | 7 liberal arts |
| What were the verbal arts called? | the trivium |
| What were the mathematical arts called? | the quadrivium |
| What were the trivium? | grammar, rhetoric, logic |
| What were the quadrivium? | arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music |
| What was the name of the North African invaders of the Frankish empire? | Saracens |
| What was the name of the Hungarian invaders? | Magyar |
| What was the geographic area from which the Vikings invaded? | Scandinavia |
| What was the Viking settlement in North America called? | Vinland |
| Who was the first king of a unified England? | Alfred of Wessex (the Great) |
| What did Alfred call the region where he allowed the Christianized Danish invaders to settle? | Danelaw |
| What historical work did Alfred have brought up to date? | The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle |
| Which English king was forced to pay tribute to the increasingly powerful Danish invaders? | Ethelred |
| What was the tribute to the Danish invaders called? | Danegeld |
| Which Danish king ruled a combined England, Denmark, and Norway? | Canute |
| Which king died in 1066, leaving the sovereignty to the very short-reigning Harold? | Edward the Confessor |
| Who conquered England in 1066? | William of Normandy (the Conqueror) |
| In what year did the Normans conquer England? | 1066 |
| At which battle did William of Normandy defeat Harold? | Battle of Hastings |
| Which 6th century Italian Christian translated Aritstotle into Latin? | Boethius |
| What work did Boethius write, explaining how philosophy, without the aid of Christian faith, can comfort people in the face of death? | The Consolation of Philosophy |
| What 20 volume encyclopedia did Isadore of Seville write? | Etymologies |
| Which two works is Gregory the Great known for writing? | Moralia in Job, Dialogues |
| Which work did the Venerable Bede write? | Ecclesiastical History of the English people |
| Who prepared a standard version of Jerome's Vulgate? | Alcuin of York |
| What was the name of the Bible translated into Latin? | the Vulgate |
| Who translated the Bible into Latin? | Jerome |
Created by:
mrsbear1024
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