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Stack #287581

Ch.9:Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe

TermDefinition
Belisarius one of Justinian's most important military commanders during period of reconquest of wester Europe; commanded in north Africa and Italy
Bulgaria Slavic kingdom established in northern portions of Balkan peninsula; constant source of pressure on Byzantine Empire; defeated by Emperor Basil II in 1014
Cyril along with Methodius, missionary sent by Byzantine gov't to eastern Europe and the Balkans; converted southern Russia and Balkans to Orthodox Christianity; responsible for creation of written script for Slavic known as Cyrillic
boyars Russian aristocrats; possessed less political power than did their counterparts in western Europe
Kiev trade city in southern Russian established by Scandinavian traders in 9th century; became focal point for kingdom of Russia that flourished to 12th century
Yaroslav last of great Kievan monarchs; issued legal codification based on formal codes developed in Byzantium
Tatars Mongols; captured Russian cities and largely destroyed Kievan state in 1236; left Russian Orthodoxy and aristocracy intact
Methodius along with Cyril, missinary sent by Byzantine gov't to eastern Europe and the Balkans; converted southern Russian and Balkans to Orthodox Christianity; responsible for creation of written script for Slavic known as Cryillic
Hagia Sophia new church constructed in Constantinople during reign of Justinian
Rurik legendary Scandinavian, regarded as founder of the first kingdom of Russia based in Kiev in 855 A.D.
Greek fire Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when exposed to water; utilized to drive back the Arab fleets that attacked Constantinople
Vladimir I Ruler of Russian kingdom of Kiev from 980 to 1015; converted kingdom to Christianity
Russian Orthodoxy Russian form of Christianity imported from Byzantine Empire and combined with local religion; king characteristically controlled major appointments
icons images of religious figures that became objects of veneration within Christianity of the Byzantine Empire; particularly prevalent in Eastern monasticism
iconoclasm religious controversy within the Byzantine Empire in the 8th century; emperor attempted to suppress veneration of icons; literally 'breaking of images'; after long struggle, icon veneration was restored
Created by: NicaGurl12
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