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Infection Control RD
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| autoclave | A device using steam for sterilization |
| antigen | A pathogen or any other substance that induces an antibody response |
| antibody | A protein specific to a certain antigen that weakens or destroys pathogens |
| nosocomial infection | A hospital related infection; one that is not present or incubating when a patient is admitted to a hospital or a healthcare facility |
| system infection | An infection that has spread to more than one region of the body |
| sharp | Any instrument with a sharp edge or point, such as a scalpel, scissors, or a needle |
| topical | Applied to the skin or affected area |
| anaerobic bacteria | Bacteria that do not require oxygen to grow |
| aerobic bacteria | Bacteria that require oxygen to grow |
| teratogenic | Causing abnormalities in the fetus |
| antiseptic | A cleansing agent applied to living tissue to destroy pathogens |
| latent infection | One in which the symptoms disappear and recur, while the disease causing agent remains in the body |
| sterile | Completely free of pathogens |
| sterilant | A substance that destroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life in an inanimate environment |
| disinfectant | A chemical substance that destroys or eliminates specific species of infectious microorganisms. It is usually not effective against bacterial spores |
| infection | A disease process that results from the entry and spread of a microorganism (to initiate infection the microorganism must be a pathogen-microorganism that causes disease) |
| contagious disease | A disease that is spread from person to person |
| immunity | An individual's ability to fight off disease |
| active infection | An infection in which signs and symptoms are present |
| otitis media | Infection of the middle ear |
| acute infection | An infection that is time limited |
| quarantine | Isolating or separating a client, client-care unit, or facility |
| bactericidal | Killing microorganisms |
| local infection | An infection that is confined to a specific region of the body |
| sanitization | Removal of gross contaminants and some microorganisms from instruments, skin, and so on; the lowest level of medical hygiene |
| sterile techinique | Methods to avoid contamination of sterile materials |
| pathogen | A microorganism that causes disease |
| disinfection | A more thorough removal of contaminants than sanitization but less thorough than sterilization |
| nonpathogenic | Not causing disease |
| opportunistic infection | An infection that does not ordinarily cause disease but does so under certain circumstances, for example, in compromised immune systems; so called because it takes stage of an opportunity |
| microorganism | An organism so small that it can only be seen under a microscope |
| remission | A period in which a chronic infection shows no symptoms |
| exacerbation | A period in which a chronic infection shows symptoms |
| chronic infection | One that is persistent over a long period of time, perhaps life |
| sanitizer | A substance that significantly reduces the bacterial population in an inanimate environment but does not destroy all bacteria or other microorganisms |
| bacteriostatic | Reducing or inhibiting the number of microorganisims |
| relapse | The re-emergence of an initial infection after it appears to have subsided but has not been cured |
| recurrent infection | A distinct episode of an infection after recovery from the initial infection; may involve the same pathogens or different ones |
| immunoglobulin | A serum that contains antibodies that can help protect an exposed person from contracting the disease |
| asepsis | A state in which pathogens are absent or reduced. There are two principal types of asepsis; medical (reduced) and surgical (absent) |
| sterilization | The process of destroying all microorganisms, including bacterial endospores and viruses. This is the highest level of cleanliness |
| virulence | The power of a microbe to produce a disease in a particular host |
| contamination | The presence of pathogens on an object |
| PEP | Treatment after exposure to a pathogen |
| asymptomatic | Without clinical signs or symptoms |
Created by:
Jessica Longboat
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