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WWI Test
Conetta, WWI, Honors History 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Triple Alliance | Italy, Germany, and Austria-Hungary |
| Italy | has united, but suffers from internal weakness caused by turmoil between labor (S. Italy) and industry (N. Italy). Changing government coalitions and corrupt leaders make a weak and ineffective government. |
| Germany | led by Kaiser Willhelm II has industrialized and is the leading military power, but lacks resources and loses some power once Bismarck is gone. (Family relations of Kaiser connect him to enemy countries by blood) |
| Austria-Hungary | experiencing tension with Serbia, who annexed Bosnia Herzegovia, and rebellions from the Slavics. |
| Triple Entente | Great Britain, France, and Russia |
| Great Britain | led by King George V, although no longer the leading military power, is highly industrialized and stable. |
| France | headed by Raymond Poincare, holds a lot of land in W. Africa and has the second largest army in Europe, but has an unstable government. |
| Russia | loses reforms issued in 1970 after assassination of Tsar Alexander II. Experiences an industry increase under Tsar Nicholas II, but is still defeated by the Japanese in the Ruso-Japanese War. |
| Pre-War Drama | Ottoman Empire receives land in 1829, but later falls in 1878 after a rise in nationalism. The Two Balkan Wars take place in 1912 and 1913, leading to the end of the period of peace. |
| June 28, 1914 | Ferdiand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne was visiting Bosnia, which was kept under Austria's control, to inspect troops. The Black Hand, a Serbian terrorist group, assassinated both Ferdinand and his pregnant wife while they were in their carriage. |
| July 28, 1914 | Austria, backed by Germany, has declared war on Serbia. Tsar Nicholas II, in aide to Serbia, then orders partial mobilization of Russian army against Austria. Germany, in aide to Austria, declares war on Russia. |
| September 6 - September 12, 1914 | First Battle of the Marne takes place North East of France, by the Langress River. The battle is between Germany who wants to take over Paris, and France, who is allied with GB. Germany is halted, and trench warfare begins. |
| August 6 - August 20, 1914 | Battle of Tannenberg; General Samsonov and Rennenkampf of Russia try to defeat Germany's 8 Army(General Prittwitz) After first attack Prittwitz wishes to retreat; replaced by Hindenberg and Ludendorf who blocks Russia's contact.Germany wins over E.Prussia |
| October 15 - November 22, 1914 | First Battle of Ypres "Race to Sea." Between Germany and GB;fought on the roads leading to neutral Belgium's ports in the city of Ypres. Trench warfare continues, and Germans make water barrier to prevent access to ports. Comes to a halt for winter. |
| April 26-May 13, 1914 | Second Battle of Ypres;Germany v France. Germany held surprise attack on Allied forces using gas. Germans go closer to France from May 1- 3, then resume fighting from May 8 - 13.Germans defeat Allies;make break in trench line |
| May 7, 1915 | The RMS Luisitania;British Captain Thomas Turner,secretly loaded with weapons. German captain Walter Schwinger performs unauthorized submarine attack.Americans are mad;Prez Wilson forces Germans to cease unauthorized warfare. |
| May 1915 | Battle of Gallipoli at Dardinelle's strait;near the Black Sea, and consisted of the Ottoman Turks versus Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, and Great Britain. Mostly trench warfare through the fall until the British withdraw at the end of the year. |
| Three Simultaneous Battles of 1916 | The Battle of Verdun from February to December, the Battle of the Somme from July 1 - November 8, and the Third Battle of Ypres from July 31-November 6. |
| April 1917 | U.S. declares war on Germany, after telegram from GB from Arthur Zimmerman to Mexico. Also to guarantee the U.S. back the money they lent to the Allies. "Make the world safe for democracy! (President Wilson) |
| May 31, 1918 | Chateau Thierry;U.S., French, and Belgians v Germany. Germans try to capture Paris and are on a major offensive move. However, the French and Americans meet them and perform a early morning artillery bombardment. Germany is defeated and Paris is saved. |
| July 5 - August 5, 1918 | Second Battle of the Marne The Germans, led by Eric Ludendorf, hope to split French army in two, but are unable to break the front. British and U.S. arrive July 17 and halt Germans, then counter attack the next day, July 18. |
| The Big 4 | consisted of President WIlson (United States), Premier Georges Clemenceau (France), Prime Minister David Lloyd George (Great Britain), and Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando (Italy). |
| The 14 Point Peace Treaty | covered self determination, fair peace, disarmament, fair treatment to colonial people, League of Nations, freedom of the seas, and equal opportunity for trade. |
| Battle of Verdun | Erich Von Falkenhayn to Kaiser Willhelm II-move from E to W;like Schlieffen Plan.Germans use 420mm guns;French rely on trucks and motor vehicles. |
| Battle of the Somme | begins to take place along the Somme River on a 30 mile front. General Haig and Joffre of Britain and France join attack on Germans. Hope is to relieve pressure on the French fighting at Verdun and to defeat the German army. |
| Third Battle of Ypres | German v GB. Under Plumer, with reinforcements from the Eastern front, Allies free Ypres and gain 8 km, bringing the battle to an end on November 6. The Battle of the Somme ends two days later |
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