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Basic Pharmacology

TermDefinition
Absorption the process of a drug taken into the body moving from the site of administration into the blood.
Adverse Effect the undesired and potentially harmful side effects of medications. Examples include: nausea, vomiting and hypersensitivity.
Agonist drugs that are attracted or bond to a receptor and cause a particular response. Example: acetylocholine
Antagonists type of drugs that prevent or inhibit a response; receptor blockers.
Bioavailability how the drug molecule reaches to the target site to exert its effects.
Biotechnology using the concepts of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology to create drugs.
Biotransformation the process of changing lipid-soluble drug molecules into water-soluble molecules for excretion. Commonly occurs in the liver.
Bolus given all at once.
Contraindication reasons or situations where a drug should not be given or used.
Distribution the process where the circulatory system transports the drug throughout the body and drug molecules diffuse in the bloodstream.
Duration time between onset of a drug and its disappearance.
Emulsion type of liquid; a mixture of oil and water bound together with an emulsifier.
Enteral route of administration; drug taken into the GI tract primarily orally.
Excretion the process of drug molecules leaving the body; via bile, feces, skin, and urine.
Hypersensitivity an adverse effect from previous exposure to the drug; symptoms can range from mild to severe.
Idiosyncratic effect when the reason behind an adverse reaction is unknown; rare and unpredictable.
Indication the purpose of giving a medication.
Local effect where the medication works at the site of application.
Onset time between administration and and first appearance of effect.
Parenteral any route of administration except the GI tract; examples include; topical, subcutaneous, IV.
Pharmacodynamics the study how drugs affect the body.
Pharmacokinetics the study of how the body processes drugs; absorption, distribution, biotransformation, excretion.
Plasma protein binding drug molecules that bind to proteins in blood plasma, usually nonspecific and competitive.
Reconstituted powdered medications that must be mixed with liquid to form a solution prior to administration.
Side effect predictable but unintended effect of a drug.
Solubility the ability of a drug to dissolve.
Solution the mixture of drug molecules in a solvent.
Suspension undissolved drug particles floating in a liquid.
Synergist a drug that enhances the effect of another drug.
Systemic effect the effect of a drug through out the entire body.
Topical route of administration; applied directly to target site.
Controlled substances certain medications; scheduled into five classes and enforced by the DEA; the Controlled Substance Act was passed in 1970.
Narcotics when administered hospitals must keep records of amount used, date, patient, who administered the medication, and who obtained the medication.
DEA Drug Enforcement Administration; established to enforce the Controlled Substance Act.
FDA Food and Drug Administration; inspects drug facilities, receives new drug applications, investigates and removes harmful drugs, requires proper labeling; developed the classification system related to medication effects on unborn fetuses.
The Joint Commission nonprofit organization that evaluates and accredits health care organizations and programs.
OTC non-prescribed medications; Over the Counter medications.
PDR Physician's Desk Reference; the most frequently used pharmacology resource.
USP-NF United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulalry; the official medication list recognized by U.S. government.
Created by: jesse.fairbanks
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