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Chapter 51
Assisting in the Clinical Laboratory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aliquot | A portion of a well-mixed sample removed for testing. |
| Analyte | Substance or chemical being analyzed or detected in a specimen. |
| Anticoagulant | Chemical added to a blood sample collection to prevent clotting. |
| Caustic | Capable of burning corroding or damaging tissue by chemical action. |
| Cytology | Study of cells using microscope medicines. |
| Diluent | A liquid used to dilute a specimen or reagent. |
| Exudates | Fluids with high concentration of protein and cellular debris that have escaped from the blood vessels and have been deposited in tissues or on tissue surfaces. |
| Hemolyzed | Term used to describe a blood sample in which the red blood cells have ruptured. |
| Preservatives | Substances added to a specimen to prevent deterioration of cells or chemicals. |
| Referral Laboratory | A private or hospital based laboratory that performs a wide variety of tests many of them specialized physicians often send specimens collected in the office to referral laboratories for testing |
| Specimen | A sample of body fluid waste product or tissue that is collected for analysis |
| Quantitative Test | Provides a number in the reported result. |
| Electrical fires and mechanical factors | Environmental factors that must be controlled for safety. |
| Longest Objective Oil Immersion (100) | Allows the finest focusing of the object. |
| Iron | An important component of the hemoglobin molecule. |
| Sterile Containers | Prevent contamination of the specimen by outside microbes |
| MSDS | Contains basic information about specific chemical/product; includes trade name, chemical name, synonyms, chemical family, manufacturers name/address, emergency phone #, hazard ingredients, physical data, fire/explosion data, health hazard/protection info |
| Metric System | Based on a decimal system in which a combination of basic units and prefixes indicates a system of division in multiple of 100 |
| Scanning Lens | Used to scan the field of interest and then to focus on a particular object. |
| Oil Immersion | Used to view extremely small cells and materials such as bacteria and platelets it is also used to examine stained specimens. |
| Image | Focused by moving the objective closer to the specimen and illumination is provided by raising or lowering the condenser. |
| Microbiology | The study of microorganisms that cause disease. |
| Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) | Established quality standards for all laboratories testing to ensure the accuracy, reliability and timeliness of Pt. test result. |
| Waived Tests | Do not need a degree to read the result can purchase OTC e.g. blood sugar test/pregnancy test. |
| Condenser | Directs light up through the stage. |
| Iris Diaphragm | Regulates the amount of light passing through the specimen. |
| Centrifugation | Used to separate blood cells from serum, solid materials(e.g. cell/crystals) from urine and solids from liquids. |
| Incubator | Cabinets that maintain constant temperature |
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