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WHI.4

Persia and Greece

QuestionAnswer
What main sea is Greece located in? Mediterranean
What two peninsulas make up Greece? Balkan and Peloponnesus
What kingdom lies to the north of Greece? Macedonia
What is the name for the Greek culture? Hellenistic (Hellenic)
What type of religion did the ancient Greeks have? polytheistic
Where did the Greek gods live? Mt. Olympus
Who was the ruler of the Olympian gods and god of the sky? Zeus
Who were considered citizens in Greece? free adult males
What were the two most important city-states in Greece? Athens and Sparta
Athens was the first city with what form of government? democracy
What tyrant created the first code of law in Athens? Draco
What kind of government did Sparta have? oligarchy
What did Spartan society focus on? military
Who was the emperor of Persia during the beginning of the Persian War? Darius
What was the first, most famous and important battle during the Persian War? Marathon
Who won the Persian Wars? Greece
Persia returned to Greece after the Battle of Marathon under the rule of _______. Xerxes I
What battle during the Persian War became famous for the use of 300 Spartans? Thermopylae
What were Athens and its allies called? Delian League
What were Sparta and its allies called? Peloponnesian League
Who was the leader of Athens during its "Golden Age"? Pericles
What are the three types of columns in Greek architecture? Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian
Who is credited with the epic poems The Odyssey and The Iliad? Homer
Who is considered the father of Medicine? Hippocrates
Who invented the pulley and the lever? Archimedes
Who are the three most famous Greek philosophers? Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
What was the name of the war between Athens, Sparta, and their allies? Peloponnesian War
As a result of their weakened state after the war, what kingdom was able to invade and conquer Greece? Macedonia
Who was the leader of Macedonia when they invaded Greece? Philip II
Who was the son of Philip II and arguably one of history's greatest conquerors? Alexander the Great
As Alexander conquered and spread Greek culture, he ushered in what age? Hellenistic Age
Who sculpted the statue of Athena in the Parthenon? Phidias
Who wrote The Oresteia? Aeschylus
Who wrote Oedipus Rex? Sophocles
"Father of History"; wrote a history of the Persian Wars Herodotus
historian who wrote a history of the Peloponnesian Wars Thucydides
tyrant who loosened the laws, erased debt, and walked away from power Solon
What book did Plato write? The Republic
What school did Aristotle establish? School of Athens
Father of Geometry Euclid
Mathematician who created a theorem to calculate the relationship between the sides of a right triangle Pythagoras
goddess of childbirth, hunting, and animals Artemis
god of music Apollo
goddess of reason Athena
goddess of love Aphrodite
goddess of marriage Hera
Temple to Athena Parthenon
What sea lies between Greece and Asia Minor? Aegean
What was the name for the Spartan slaves? helots
What was the name of the Greek military formation that helped them defeat the Persians in the Battle of Marathon? phalanx
What was the name of the final sea battle of the Persian War? Salamis
After the Persian War, Greece won control of what sea? Aegean
What geographic trait contributed to the creation of separate city-states in Greece? mountains
god of the sea Poseidon
What was the evolution of government in Athens? (List the 4 types of government, in order.) Monarchy, Aristocracy, Tyranny, Democracy
What modern-day country was the empire of Persia based in? Iran
Persia was _____ with the people they conquered. tolerant
the first king of Persia Cyrus the Great
Persian king who expanded the empire as far east as India Darius
Persian road that connected each end of the empire Royal Road
Persia's government imperial bureaucracy
Persian provinces were ruled by _____ satraps
the religion of Persia Zoroastrianism
founder of the Persian religion Zoroaster
god of Zoroastrianism Ahura Mazda
holy book of Zoroastrianism Avesta
Created by: lacie.holmes
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