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P2 PHAR 7212
Pharmacy Practice III - Medications 001-050
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Coumadin: class & indications? | Vitamin K antagonist, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis treatment, atrial fibrillations, heart valves |
| Urecholine: indications? | Urinary retention |
| Bethanechol: class & dosage? | Cholinergic, tablets |
| Urecholine (Bethanechol): comments? | Bladder smooth muscle, useful post-op/post-partum, 30-60 mins ac -> systemic absorp -> dec. N/V |
| Isopto Carpine: indications? | Open angle glaucoma |
| Pilocarpine: class & dosage? | Cholinergic, eye drops |
| Isopto Carpine (pilocarpine): comments? | Miotic, decrease intraocular pressure |
| Aricept: indication? | Mild/moderate Alheimer's |
| Donepezil: class & dosage? | Cholinergic, 5mg q hs |
| Aricept (donepezil): comments? | Reversible AChE inhibitor, AE: N/A/D, wt loss, Take at night to (x) AE |
| Warfarin sodium: dosage? | 2-10mg daily |
| Coumadin (warfarin sodium): comments? | Narrow therapeutic index, dosage regimens vary widely, dosage tab strengths (1,2,2.5,3,4,5,6,7.5,10), increases drug interaction, adverse effects of bleeding/bruising, pt education, use as directed, avoid alcohol & aspirin, inr target 2-3 |
| Reserpine: class & indication? | B antagonist, hypertension |
| Reserpine: dosage? | Tablet |
| Reserpine (reserpine): comments? | CV agent: depletes stores of catecholamines & 5-HT, increased AE of depression |
| Isopto Atropine: indication? | To cause mydrisas/cycloplegia |
| Atropine: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic, eye drops |
| Isopto Atropine (atropine): comments? | Relax sphincter MM in iris/ciliary body, Photophobia, Tx: cardiac arrest (inc. HR) |
| Transderm-Scop: indication? | Nausea/vomiting, motion sickness |
| Scopolamine: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic, topical patch |
| Transderm-Scop (scopolamine): comments? | AE: drowsiness, Apply behind ear 4h prior, Replace q 72h |
| Cogentin: indication? | Parkinson's |
| Benztropine: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic, 0.5 - 2mg daily |
| Cogentin (benztropine): comments? | Caution hot weather, decreases cholngrc tone due to dopamine deficiency |
| Bentyl: indication? | IBS |
| Dicyclomine: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic, 20-40mg tid-qid |
| Bentyl (dicyclomine): comments? | Relax GI smMM, Take 30 min ac for sys. absorp Inc. [] when Sx begin |
| Levsin: indication? | IBS |
| Hyoscyamine 0.125mg: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic, 0.125-0.25mg q 4h prn |
| Levsin (hyoscyamine): comments? | Relax GI smMM, Oral: 30 min ac, SL: faster peak |
| Levsinex/Levbid: indication? | IBS |
| Hyoscyamine 0.375mg: dosage? | 1-2 q 12h |
| Levsinex/Levbid (hyoscyamine): comments? | Relax GI smMM, take on schedule, NOT prn dosing |
| Ditropan/XL: indication? | Overactive bladder |
| Oxybutynin: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic, 5mg tid, 5mg XL qd |
| Ditropan/XL (oxybutynin): comments? | Relax bladder smMM, AE: xerostomia, drowsiness, constipation |
| Detrol/LA: indication? | Overactive bladder |
| Tolterodine: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic, 2mg tab bid, 4mg LA cap qd |
| Coreg: class & indication? | B Antagonist, CHF & HTN |
| Carvedilol: dosage? | Starting dose of 3.125 mg bid, under 85kg 25mg bid, over 85kg 50mg bid for CHF, HTN 25mg bid |
| Coreg (carvedilol): comments? | Also a nonselective a1 antagonist, take w/ food to decrease cmax to decrease a1 activities to decrease dizziness, counsel that it will feel worse before better |
| Normodyne, Trandate: class & indication? | B Antagonist nonselective, HTN |
| Labetalol: dosage? | 200mg bid |
| Normodyne, Trandate (labetalol): comments? | Also a1 antagonist, increase dizziness |
| Cosopt: class & indication? | B antagonist, open-angle glaucoma |
| Dorzolamide, timolol: dosage? | 1 gtt in affected eye(s) bid |
| Cosopt (dorzolamide, timolol): comments? | Carbonic anhydrase inhibition or decrease formation of aqueous humor, PDR: drug-disease interaction, asthma |
| Timoptic: class & indication? | B antagonist non-selective, open-angle glaucoma |
| Timolol: dosage? | 1 gtt in affected eye(s) bid |
| Timoptic (timolol): comments? | PDR: drug-disease interaction, asthma |
| Tenormin: class & indication? | B1 antagonist, angina pectoris (long term), HTN |
| Atenolol: dosage? | 50-200 mg qd angina pectoris, 50-100mg qd htn |
| Tenormin (atenolol): comments? | Adherence important: upregulation can cause rebound HTN |
| Zebeta: class & indication? | B1 antagonist, HTN |
| Bisoprolol: dosage? | 2.5-10mg qd |
| Zebeta (bisoprolol): comments? | adherence important: upregulation can cause rebound HTN |
| Beoptic: class & indication? | B1 antagonist, open-angle glaucoma |
| Betaxolol: dosage? | 1-2 gtts in affected eye(s) bid |
| Beoptic (betaxolol): comments? | decrease formation of aqueous humor |
| Inderal LA: class & indication? | B1 & B2 antagonist, HTN, angina prophylaxis |
| Propranolol: dosage? | 30-160mg qd angina prophylaxis, 120-160mg qd HTN |
| Inderal LA (propranolol): comments? | PDR: drug-disease interaction, asthma, adherence important: upregulation can cause rebound HTN |
| Toprol XL: class & indication? | B1 antagonist, HTN, CHF, angina pectoris (long term) |
| Metoprolol succinate: dosage? | 12.5-25mg qd CHF, 25-100mg qd HTN, 100mg qd angina pectoris (long term) |
| Toprol XL (metoprolol succinate): comments? | up to 400mg qd, for angina pectoris & HTN, up to 200mg qd for CHF, do not give if acutely symptomatic; stable give low dose to inhibit reflex overdrive then titrate overtime to live longer (CHF?) |
| Atrovent: indication? | Asthma maintenance |
| Iprotropium: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic 2 puffs (or 1 vial neb) tid-qid |
| Atrovent(iprotropium): comments? | NOT rapid acting, use on schedule DoA: 4-6h |
| Combivent: indication? | Asthma maintenance |
| Iprotropium/albuterol(not Duoneb): class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic 2 puffs qid |
| Combivent(ipratropium/albuterol): comments? | Use on schedule PDR: days supply, over/underutilization |
| Duoneb: indication? | Asthma maintenance |
| Ipratropium/albuterol(not Combivent): class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic Nebulizer 1 vial qid |
| Duoneb(iprotropium/albuterol): comments? | Use on schedule PDR: days supply, over/underutilization |
| Lopressor: class & indication? | B1 antagonist, HTN, acute MI |
| Metoprolol tartrate: dosage? | 100 mg qd or 50mg bid |
| Lopressor (metoprolol tartrate): comments? | take w/ food to increase absorption, adherence important: upregulation can cause rebound HTN |
| Flomax: class & indication? | selective a1 antagonist, BPH |
| Tamsulosin: dosage? | 0.4 to 0.8mg qd |
| Flomax (tamsulosin): comments? | Administer 30 min. before meal to decrease Cmax, delay Tmax, decrease AUC to decrease hypotensive effects, adherence important: sensitization can cause exaggerated hypotensive affect upon readministration |
| Proventil aerosol MDI: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma rescue, bronchodilator |
| Albuterol MDI: dosage? | 1-2 puffs q4-6 prn |
| Proventil (albuterol) MDI & inhalation solution: comments? | relax bronchial/uterine/vascular smooth muscle, can use 15 minutes prior to activity to prevent exercise induced bronchial spasms, AE: insomnia, nervousness, PDR: overutilization |
| Proventil inhalation solution: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma rescue, bronchodilator |
| Albuterol inhalation solution: dosage? | 2.5mg tid-qid prn |
| Serevent Diskus: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma maintenance, bronchodilator |
| Spiriva: indication? | Asthma maintenance |
| Tiotropium: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic one 18mcg cap qd |
| Spiriva(tiotropium): comments? | t1/2: 5-6d Admin errors: repeat inhalation No systemic absorp if swallowed (+ charge+ |
| Dopamine: indication? | Hemodynamic imbalances |
| Dopamine (generic): class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic Injection |
| Dopamine(dopamine): comments? | Inc. renal BF/SBP/HR Short t1/2 -> IV Dose/kg/min -> rate/h |
| Sinemet: indication? | Parkinson's |
| Carbidopa/levodopa: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic Individualized Start 25/100mg tid |
| Sinemet(carbidopa/levodopa): comments? | 10/100mg, 25/100mg, 25/250mg tabs L-dopa can X BBB -> dapamine in CNS Inc. dopamine in periphery -> nausea |
| Sinemet CR: indication? | Parkinson's |
| Carbidopa/levodopa(extended release): class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic Individualized Start 50/200mg bid |
| Sinemet CR(carbidope/levodopa): comments? | 25/100mg, 50/200mg tabs Scored, but do NOT crush/chew F: 70-75% vs. Sinemet |
| Dobutrex: indication? | Cardiac decompensation CHF |
| Dobutamine: class & dosage? | Anti-cholinergic Injection |
| Dobutrex(dobutamine): comments? | + inotrope Short t1/2 -> IV |
| Naphcon (eye)Privine (nasal): indication? | Ocular redness Nasal congestion |
| Naphazoline: class & dosage? | A-agonist Eyedrops Nasal spray |
| Naphcon/Privine(naphazoline): comments? | Imidazole Use < 3 days (rebound congestion) |
| OcuClear (eye)Afrin (nasal): indication? | Ocular redness Nasal congestion |
| Oxymetazoline: class & dosage? | A-agonist Eyedrops Nasal spray |
| OcuClear/Afrin(oxymetazoline): comments? | Imidazole Use < 3 days (rebound congestion) |
| Sudafed: indication? | Nasal congestion |
| Pseudoephedrine: class & dosage? | A-agonist 60mg q 4-6h prn (adults) |
| Sudafed(pseudoephedrine): comments? | Max dose: 240mg/day Inc. NE release -> indirect A-agonist Purchase limits: 3.6g/day; 9g/month |
| Salmeterol: dosage? | 1 inhalation q12h |
| Serevent Diskus (salmeterol): comments? | long acting duration of action 12 hours, administer diskus technique, powder |
| Foradil Aerolizer: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma maintenance, bronchodilator |
| Formoterol: dosage? | one 12 mcg capsule inhaled q12h |
| Foradil Aerolizer (formoterol): comments? | can use 15 minutes prior to activity to prevent exercise induced bronchial spasms, long acting duration of action 12 hours, adminster inhalation device technique, capsule, keep upright |
| Maxair Autohaler: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma rescue, bronchodilator |
| Pirbuterol: dosage? | 1-2 inhalations q4-6h prn |
| Maxair Autohaler (pirbuterol): comments? | can use 15 minutes prior to activity to prevent exercise induced bronchial spasms, administer autohaler technique, breath-activated, prime, shake, good for people w/ coordination difficulties |
| Xopenex inhalation solution: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma rescue, bronchodilator |
| Levalbuterol: dosage? | 1 vial nebulized tid (dosage based on age) |
| Xopenex inhalation solution (levalbuterol): comments? | 3 strengths solution (0.31, 0.63, 1.25mg/3mL), concentrate (1.25mg/0.5mL), must dilute concentrate, single isomer formulation of (R)-albuterol, if open must use in 2 weeks, if in light must use in 1 week, can use 15 min prior to activity to prevent EIBS |
| Brethine: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma rescue, bronchodilator |
| Terbutaline: dosage? | 5mg tab tid, subq/oral |
| Brethine (terbutaline): comments? | off label "Tocolytic" agent to relax uterine smooth muscles associated w/ preterm labor |
| Sudafed PE (oral)Neo-Synephrine (nasal): indication? | Nasal congestion |
| Phenylephrine: class & dosage? | A-agonist Tab Nasal spray |
| Sudafed PE/Neo-Synephrine(phenylephrine): comments? | Topical use < 3 days (rebound congestion) Inc. est incident |
| Epinephrine: indication? | Respiratory distress Anaphylaxis |
| Epinephrine: class & dosage? | A-agonist Injection |
| Epinephrine(epinephrine): comments? | A & B agonist Type 1 hypers. Rxns: vasocons, bronchodil. Epipen & Epipen JR |
| Catapres: indication? | HTN |
| Clonidine: class & dosage? | A2-agonist 0.1-0.4mg bid |
| Catapres(clonidine): comments? | Start with 0.1mg bid Compliance essential -> rebound HTN A2-agonists: (x) CNS symp. outflow |
| Catapres-TTS: indication? | HTN |
| Clonidine (patches): class & dosage? | A2-agonist 0.1mg patch q 7d |
| Catapres-TTS(clonidine): comments? | Rotate site once/week Compliance essential -> rebound HTN A2-agonist: (x) CNS symp. outflow |
| Alphagan P: indication? | Open angle glaucoma |
| Brimonidine: class & dosage? | A2-agonist 1 gtt q8h |
| Alpahgan P(brimonidine): comments? | Dec. aq. humor production, inc. outflow Wait 5 mins before other eyedrops |
| Alupent: class & indication? | B2 agonist, asthma rescue, bronchodilator |
| Metaproterenol: dosage? | oral inhalation |
| Alupent (metaproterenol): comments? | not used much, no advantage over Xopenex |
| Amitriptyline: class & indication? | Tricyclic, depression |
| Amitriptyline: dosage? | 40-150mg in divided doses or qhs |
| Amitriptyline (amtriptyline): comments? | NT reuptake inhibitation which potentials NE & 5-HT, off label for neuropathic pain |
| Tofranil: class & indication? | Tricyclic, childhood enuresis (>6 y/o) |
| Imipramine: dosage? | 50-75mg qhs childhood enuresis, 50-150mg qd depression, 2.5mg/kg/day NMT or determine pediatric weight bc EKG/arrhythmia abnormalities can cause cardiotoxicity |
| Tofranil (imipramine): comments? | NT reuptake inhibitor |
| Tofranil, Tofranil PM caps: class & indication? | Tricyclic, depression |
| Minipress: indication? | HTN |
| Prazosin: class & dosage? | A1-antagonist 2-5mg tid |
| Minipress(prazosin): comments? | 1st dose HTN: take at hs Adherence important: sensitization, exaggerated hypotensive affect upon readmin. |
| Cardura: indication? | HTN BPH |
| Doxazosin: class & dosage? | A1-antagonist 1-16mg qd |
| Cardura(doxazosin): comments? | 1st dose HTN: take at hs Adherence important: sensitization, exaggerated hypotensive affect upon readmin. |
| Cardura XL: indication? | BPH |
| Doxazosin(extended release): class & dosage? | A1-antagonist 4mg qd |
| Cardura XL(doxazosin): comments? | Can be admin. AM. 1st dose HTN |
| Hytrin: indication? | HTN BPH |
| Terazosin: class & dosage? | A1-antagonist 1-5mg qd |
| Hytrin(terazosin): comments? | 1st dose HTN Niche: add-line agen Sensitization upon readmin. |
| Pamelor: class & indication? | Tricyclic, depression |
| Nortriptyline: dosage? | 75-150mg qd |
| Pamelor (nortriptyline): comments? | less drowsiness than other tricyclic, NT reuptake inhibitor |
| Nardil: class & indication? | nonselective MAO, depression |
| Phenelzine: dosage? | tab |
| Nardil (phenelzine): comments? | Food interaction w/ tyramine (cheese, meat, alcohol), increases drug interactions |
Created by:
oupharm2012
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