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ch6 muscles

QuestionAnswer
ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force contractility
the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus excitability
ability to be stretched extensibility
ability to recoil to original length elasticity
connective tissue sheath surrounding skeletal muscle epimysium
connective tissue located outside the epimysium fascia
loose connective tissue surrounding fascicle perimysim
fascicle composed of singe muscle cells called fibers
each fiber surrounded by connective tissue sheath endomysium
cytoplasm in each fiber is filled with myofibrils
myofibrils consist of 2 major protein fibers actin, myosin
thin myofibrils actin
thick myofibrils myosin
actin and myosin myofibraments form highly ordered units sarcomeres
the basic structure and functional unity of the muscle sarcomere
each sarcomere extends from one z line to another z line
the arrangement of these two give a banded appearance actin, myosin
on each side of the z line there is a light area I band
I band consists of actin
darker central region in each sarcomere A band
A band consists of myosin
center of each sarcomere a light area called H band
H band consists of myosin
dark staining band M line
the charge difference across the membrane resting membrane potential
brief reversal back of the charge action potential
nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers motor neurons
axons enter the muscles and branch
each branch that connects to the muscle forms a neuromuscular junction
neuromuscular junction or synapse
a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates motor unit
many motor units form a single muscle
the enlarged nerve terminal presynaptic terminal
each presynaptic terminal contains synaptic vesicles
secretes a neurotransmitter synaptic vesicles
neurotransmitter acetylcholine
diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds the postsynaptic terminal acetylcholine
when the sarcomeres shorten it causes the muscle to shorten
sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction sliding filament mechanism
contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers muscle twitch
a muscle fiber will not respond to a stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called threshold
threshold where muscle fibers will contract maximally all-or-none response
the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction lag phase
time of contraction contraction phase
the time which the muscle relaxes relaxation phase
muscle remains contracted without relaxing tetany
increase in number of motor units being activated recruitment
needed for muscle contraction ATP
produced in mitochondria ATP
short lived and unstable ATP
ATP degenerates to the more stable ADP
raises the eyebrows occipital frontals
closes the eyelids orbicularis oculi
puckers the lips orbicularis oris
flattens cheeks buccinator
smiling muscle zygomaticus
sneering levator labii superioris
frowning depressor anguli oris
chewing mastication
change shape of tongue intrinsic
move tongue extrensic
lateral neck muscle and prime mover sternocleidomastoid
group of muscles on each side of the back erector spinae
most involved in breathing external and internal intercostals
rotates scapula trapezius
pulls scapula anteriorly serratus anterior
the arm is attached to the thorax by pectoralis major and latissimus dorsal muscles
flexes arm pectoralis major
rotated the arm latissimus dorsi
attached the humerus to the scapula deltoid
extends forearm triceps branchii
flexes forearm biceps branchii
flexes and supinates the forearm branchioradialis
flexes the wrist flexor carpi
extends the wrist extensor carpi
flexes the fingers flexor digitorium
extends the fingers extensor digitorium
Created by: jordannhatten
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