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Africa History
Term | Definition |
---|---|
F.W. de Klerk | Elected as the last white South African president in 1989. He legalized the African National Congress (ANC) and also released Nelson Mandela from prison. This started a new era in South Africa and ended apartheid. |
Scramble for Africa | The invasion, occupation, colonization, and annexation of Africa territory by European powers during the New Imperialism period between 1881 & 1914 |
Nationalism | A strong belief in one's own country |
Assimilation | Giving up one's customs and adopting those of another country |
Colonization | The movement of settlers & their culture to a new country or territory. |
African National Congress (ANC) | Formed by black Africans in 1912 to fight for their rights. They organized strikes & boycotts to protest racist policies. Nelson Mandela was a leader of the organization. |
Imperialism | A policy in which a strong nations seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically. |
Nelson Mandela | Leader of the African National Congress who was jailed for his opposition to apartheid in South Africa: later elected president in 1994 when free elections were established. |
Civil War | Wars that happen between people within one country; usually fought for control of the government. |
Artificial Political Boundaries | People brought together that had previously belonged to separate tribes or countries; splitting of ethnic groups that had historically been united; drawn with no respect for Africa's internal borders. |
Indirect rule | British and other colonial procedures through which "natives" were used to carry out colonial rule. |
Apartheid | Discrimination based on one's race or color of one's skin; happened in South Africa. |
Pan-African Movement | Movement which began in the 1920's that emphasized the unity & strength of African's on the main continent and people of African descent around the world. |
Partitioning | Act of dividing: used to describe what was done to Africa by the Europeans during the time of colonization of Africa. |
Embargo | Refusing (stopping) trade with another country; happened to the Union of South Africa in opposition to Apartheid. |