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Unit7 study stack
German and italian unification & Latin American revolution
Absolute Ruler | A ruler with absolute power meaning they have large unchecked power. |
Divine Right | When an absolute ruler said they were chosen by God to be leader |
King Louis XIV | An absolute ruler of France who said "I am the State" and also claimed he was the "Sun King." He built the Palace of Versailles |
Ivan the Terrible | The first Czar of Russia. Built the first secret police force and executed nobles who went against him. Reinforced Orthodox Christian church and separated Russian society into nobility |
Peter the Great | Modernized and Westernized Russia. Made St. Petersburg into a port city as a gateway into the west and made modern weapons. |
Charles I | the leader of the Cavaliers in the English Civil war. Parliament felt that Charles was an absolute ruler so they revolted |
King George III | A King from England that had high tariffs. |
The English Civil War | A war between the Parliament and Charles I to fight over who would have power over England. |
The Roundheads | People on the Parliament's side |
The Cavaliers | People on Charles I's side |
The Restoration of the monarchy | Dissatisfaction with Cromwell's commonwealth led to restoring the monarchy starting with Charles II, Charles I's son. |
The Glorious Revolution | The replacement of James II with William and Mary who signed the English Bill of Rights |
The English Bill of Rights | Established a constitutional and limited monarchy where the Parliament had more power than the monarch |
Thomas Hobbes | believed in absolutism, thought that government should control man because humanity is bad at heart |
The Leviathan | Book written by Thomas Hobbes |
John Locke | Said that government should protect humanity's unalienable rights like life, liberty, and property |
Two Treatises on Government | Book written by John Locke |
Baron de Montesquieu | Believed in the separation of powers into executive, judicial, and legislative branches. |
In The Spirit of Laws | Book written by Montesquieu |
Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Believed government had no other deed than to carry out the will of the people |
The Social Contract | Book written by Rousseau |
Voltaire | Believed in separation of church and state |
The American Revolution | Revolution led by America against England |
The French Revolution | Revolution led by France against absolute ruler Louis XVI |
Louis XVI | absolute ruler of France. |
The Reign of Terror | A period of time in France of a Jacobin government led by Maximillian Robespierre. |
Maximillian Robespierre | the leader of the Jacobin government that had led to the suffering of several people. |
Napoleon | Napoleon stages overthrow of Robespierre and becomes emperor of france |
Napoleonic Code | established a legal code for the French empire inspired by many enlightenment thinkers. |