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Flavin NHA 2021
Flavin NHA 2021 Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| antibiotic | A medication that kills bacteria and thus treats bacterial infections. |
| antibody | A type of protein the immune system produces to neutralize a threat of some kind. |
| antigen | Any substance capable of inducing a specific immune response and triggering the production of an antibody specific to that substance. |
| antiplatelet | A medication that helps delay blood clotting. This medication differs from an anticoagulant because it affects arterial as well as venous blood. |
| bacterium | A single-cell micro-organism that reproduces rapidly and causes many infections. |
| bone marrow | The soft tissue inside bones that produces blood-forming cells. |
| carbon dioxide | An odorless, colorless gas that forms in the tissues and is eliminated by the lungs. |
| cardiovascular system | The organs and structures of the heart and blood vessels that transport nutrients, water, hormones, gasses, and other substances throughout the body. |
| chemotaxis | The release of chemical substances. |
| coagulation | The process by which a clot forms in the blood. |
| diffusion | The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| dilate | Expand or widen. |
| edema | An excessive buildup of fluid in body tissue. |
| electrolyte | A chemical substance that develops an electrical charge and can conduct an electrical current when placed in water. |
| empathy | Sensitivity to and identification with another person’s problems, without expressing sorrow or sympathy. |
| ergonomics | The design and arrangement of objects so that people interact with them most efficiently and safely. |
| erythema | Redness. |
| excrete | Eliminate |
| fibrinogen | A strong insoluble protein the body produces in response to bleeding to help with clotting. |
| filtration | A process that separates substances by forcing them through a membrane. |
| fomite | Any nonliving object or substance capable of carrying infectious organisms. |
| fungus | A micro-organism that grows on or in animals, plants, humans, and food, including yeasts and molds. |
| herpes simplex | A virus that causes blisters either around the mouth and lips (cold sores) or genital area. |
| hormone | A chemical a cell produces that affects the functions of other cells. |
| immune system | The organs and structures that regulate the body’s resistance to disease. |
| immunocompromised | Having an impaired immune response, usually as a result of disease, medication therapy, or surgery. |
| infection | The invasion and proliferation of pathogens in body tissues. |
| lymphadenopathy | Swollen lymph nodes. |
| measles | A virus that causes fever, cough, runny nose, blotchy rash, and tiny white spots inside the mouth. |
| medical asepsis | The practice designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens as well as break the chain of infection; clean technique. |
| meningitis | An infection of the membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. |
| micro-organisms | Living things that are too small to see without magnification. |
| mucous membrane | The moist inner lining of tubular structures including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines. |
| oral candidiasis | A fungal infection of the mouth. (thrush) |
| osmosis | The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane. |
| oxygenation | The process of supplying the body with oxygen. |
| parasympathetic nervous system | A division of the nervous system that prepares the body for digestion and rest. |
| pathogen | Disease-causing micro-organism. |
| protozoon | A single-cell parasite that replicates rapidly once inside a living host. |
| rubella | A virus that causes fever and a rash and can cause serious harm to the fetus if a person develops this illness during pregnancy (German measles). |
| scabies | Itchy skin rash resulting from mites burrowing under the skin. |
| sputum | Fluid from the lungs that people cough up. |
| surgical asepsis | Complete removal of micro-organisms and their spores from the surface of an object. |
| sympathetic nervous system | A division of the nervous system that prepares the body to act efficiently in stressful situations (fight or flight). |
| tuberculosis | A bacterial infection of the lungs that causes fever, cough, weight loss, chills, and night sweats. |
| varicella | A viral infection that causes a blister-like rash, itching, fatigue, and fever (chickenpox). |
| venae cavae | Large veins (venous trunks) that return deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart. |
| virus | A micro-organism that causes infections and diseases. |
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