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Chapter 17

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Appeasement policy of giving in to an aggressor's demands in order to keep the peace
Pacifism opposition to all war
Neutrality Acts a series of acts passed by the United States Congress from 1935-1939 that aimed to keep the United States from becoming involved in WWII
Axis Powers group of countries led by Germany, Italy, and Japan that fought the Allies in WWII
Francisco Franco 1936, conservative Spanish general led revolt that touched off a bloody civil war
Anschluss Union of Austria and Germany
Sudetenland a region of western Czechoslovakia
Nazi-Soviet Pact agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 in which the two nations promised not to fight each other and to divide up land in Eastern Europe
Blitzkrieg Lightning war
Luftwaffe German air force
Dunkirk port of France from which 300,000 Allied troops were evacuated when their retreat by land was cut off by German advance in 1940
Vichy city in central France where a puppet state governed unoccupied France and the French colonies
General Erwin Rommel under Hitler, sent to North Africa, known as the "Desert Fox"
Concentration camps detention center for civilians considered enemies of the state
Holocaust the systematic genocide of about six million European Jews by the Nazis during WWII
Lend-Lease Act act passed by the United States Congress in 1941, that allowed the president (FDR) to sell or lend war supplies to any country whose defense was considered vital to the United States
Rosie the Riveter popular name for women who worked in war industries during WWII
Aircraft carrier ships that accommodate the taking off and landing of airplanes, and transport aircraft
Dwight Eisenhower American General took command of joint British and American forces in Morocco and Algeria
Stalingrad now Volgograd, a city in southwestern Russia that was a site of a fierce battle during WWII
D-Day code name for the day that Allied forces invaded France during WWII, June 6, 1944
Yalta Conference meeting between Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin in February 1945 where the three leaders made agreements regarding the end of World War II
V-E Day Victory in Europe Day, May 8, 1945, the day the Allies won WWII in Europe
Bataan Death March during WWII, the forced march of Filipino and American prisoners of war under brutal conditions by the Japanese Military
Douglas MacArthur American General, led forces in "island Hopping" in the Pacific islands advancing towards Japan, 1944
Island Hopping during WWII, Allied strategy of recapturing some Japanese-held islands while bypassing others
Kamikaze Japanese pilot who undertook a suicide mission
Manhattan Project code name for the project that built the first atomic bomb during WWII
Hiroshima mid-sized city in Japan where the first atomic bomb was dropped in August, 1945
Nagasaki a coastal city in southern Japan on the island of Kyushu; city in Japan where the second atomic bomb was dropped in August 1945
Nuremberg a city in southern Germany where Hitler staged Nazi rallies in the 1930s, and where Nazi war crimes trials were held after WWII
United Nations (UN) international organization established after WWII with the goal of maintaining peace and cooperation in the international community
Cold War state of tension and hostility between nations aligned with the United States on one side and the Soviet Union on the other that rarely led to direct armed conflict
Truman Doctrine United States policy, established in 1947, trying to contain the spread of communism
Marshall Plan massive aid package offered by the United States to Europe to help countries rebuild after WWII
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) a military alliance between several North Atlantic states to safeguard them from the presumed threat of the Soviet Union's communist bloc; countries from other regions later joined the pact
Warsaw Pact mutual-defense alliance between the Soviet Union and seven satellites in Eastern Europe set up in 1955
Created by: twhaley
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