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Ancient India
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mount Everest | The highest peak in the Himalayas called "Goddess Mother of the World" by Tibetans. |
| Indo-Ganges Plain | The wide flat plain which receives water and silt to its farmlands to irrigate and enrich the fields. |
| Indus River Valley | Lies on the plain of Pakistan and is site to one of the oldest civilizations. |
| Harappa | One of the earliest sites of civilization in South Asia and probably the first people to cultivate, or grow, cotton for cloth. |
| Deccan Plateau | Lies between the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal and south of the Indo-Ganges Plain where the land begins to rise and narrow to a diamond. |
| Western Ghats | The Deccan Plateau is framed to the west by these rugged mountains. |
| Eastern Ghats | The Deccan Plateau is framed to the east by these rolling mountains. |
| subcontinent | The region of Asia which is so large and separated by water from other land areas is called this. |
| monsoon season | The rainy season which lasts from June through September. |
| subsistence farming | Families who grow food for themselves and then sometimes trade food with small groups of people in their villages. |
| Cyrus II | He is said to be the founder of the Persian Empire. |
| Darius I | Followed Cyrus and brought the Persian Empire to India. |
| Chandragupta Maurya | Seized power in India about 320B.C. and started the Mauryan Empire, the first Indian empire whose borders extended to Persia. |
| Ashoka | Grandson to Maurya who took power of the Mauryan Empire in 270 B.C. |
| brahmin | A priest or teacher held in the highest position in society. |
| sudra | These were serfs and given the lowest position in society. They farmed land and served others. |
| Sanskrit | Language spoken by the Aryans. |
| Vedas | "Books of Knowledge" which contain the stories and songs of ancient Aryan tribes. |
| Zoroastrianism | A religion found by the Persian prophet Aoroaster in what is today known as Iran. |
| Ganges River | River in India which Hindus believe represents purity. |
| reincarnation | The process through which a person goes from one life to the next. Hindus believe after a person dies, she/he is reborn into a new life. |
| caste | The lifelong social group into which a Hindu is born. |
| Hinduism | The main religion in India. |
| Rig Veda | Of the four Vedas, this is the oldest which contains a collection of more than 1,000 hymns that priests recited at ceremonies and during rituals. |
| Brahman | Recognized by some Hindus as the source and final destination of everything. |
| dharma | Hindus believe that Vishnu maintains this which is the order of the universes. |
| Bodh Gaya | According to Buddhist tradition,this is a tradition of sitting silently under a tree near the town. |
| meditation | A way of clearing the mind. |
| enlightenment | A state of pure goodness. |
| Buddhism | Religion founded in India in the fourth century B.C. |
| the Buddha | Siddhartha Gautama came to be known as this. |
| Four Noble Truths | Buddhism is based on these about human suffering. The Buddha used these truths to understand his enlightenment. |
| Eightfold Path | A way of living that can help Buddhists find relief from their suffering. |
Created by:
MacKelley
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