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Unit 7
Industrial Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Edward Jenner | He developed Smallpox Vaccination |
| Capitalism | An economy where there is no government influence, a free market. The "invisible hand" of supply and demand would determine the prices and wages. |
| England | The place where the industrial revolution originated in, due to its natural resources. |
| Labor unions | Formed due to awful and harsh working conditions, worker-organized strikes to demand increased wages and improved working conditions. |
| Factory work | Workers during the industrial revolution had awful, harsh, and dangerous working conditions. |
| Scramble for Africa | European nations had wanted raw materials/ natural resources, so Europe turned to Africa. Due to the inventions of the industrial revolution, Europe could tackle the obstacles Africa had offered. |
| Protectorates | countries which proclaimed independent, but was protected by another country |
| James Watt | He had created the steam engine, which revolutionized travel in Western Europe. |
| James Hargreaves | He had created the spinning jenny, mechanized the creation of thread. Spinning Jenny resulted in the creation of textile factories. |
| Henry Bessemer | Invented a process to create steel from iron, produced steal cheaply and quickly. |
| Eli Whitney | Created the cotton gin, reduced people of removing seeds, but increased demand for land and slave labor. |
| Louis Pasteur | Discovered bacteria |
| Karl Marx | Wrote Communist Manifesto, was against capitalism. Believed the government should interfere to redistribute wealth to get rid of social classes and social and economic inequality. |
| Factory towns | Towns produced by factories. Factories provided residence for workers, but the workers still had to pay bills, that money would be going back to the factory. |
| Zulu Wars | Zulu people of Africa did not want Europe to colonize Africa through a series of wars. |
| Adam Smith | Wrote The Wealth of Nations. Believed in the idea of a free market. Government should not interfere in the economy, capitalism. |
| Colonies | Areas in Europeans settled and recreated Europe. The colonized areas were no longer an independent country, now under the mother country. |
| Boxer Rebellion | China had refused new forms of European Imperialism , the Chinese saw Christianity as a threat to their traditional culture. |
| Spheres of Influence | Areas created from an independent country that permitted another nation to control trade in the area. Mostly common in China. |
| Cottage Industry | Where families would work at home with their own rules and standards. |
| Women's Suffrage | Majority women felt they deserved equality with men. Resulted to era of women demanding the right to vote. |
| Socialism and Communism | Was not a free market, government should control the economy to redistribute wealth to eliminate social classes and social and economic inequality. |
| Middle Class | Due to the benefiting results of the industrial revolution, many people witnessed an increased standard of living, leading to a middle class. |
| Hindu Nationalism | The attempts of European domination brought a sense of Indian Nationalism, the identity was challenged by Christian influence. |
| Enclosure Movement | Due to the Industrial Revolution , farming was more efficient and profitable, which led wealthy farmers to rip land away from peasants |
| Wealth of Nations | Book written by Adam Smith, book promoted the idea of a free market. |
| The Communist Manifesto | Written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in response to capitalism. |
Created by:
MeehaB
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