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Unit 7

Industrial Revolution

TermDefinition
Edward Jenner He developed Smallpox Vaccination
Capitalism An economy where there is no government influence, a free market. The "invisible hand" of supply and demand would determine the prices and wages.
England The place where the industrial revolution originated in, due to its natural resources.
Labor unions Formed due to awful and harsh working conditions, worker-organized strikes to demand increased wages and improved working conditions.
Factory work Workers during the industrial revolution had awful, harsh, and dangerous working conditions.
Scramble for Africa European nations had wanted raw materials/ natural resources, so Europe turned to Africa. Due to the inventions of the industrial revolution, Europe could tackle the obstacles Africa had offered.
Protectorates countries which proclaimed independent, but was protected by another country
James Watt He had created the steam engine, which revolutionized travel in Western Europe.
James Hargreaves He had created the spinning jenny, mechanized the creation of thread. Spinning Jenny resulted in the creation of textile factories.
Henry Bessemer Invented a process to create steel from iron, produced steal cheaply and quickly.
Eli Whitney Created the cotton gin, reduced people of removing seeds, but increased demand for land and slave labor.
Louis Pasteur Discovered bacteria
Karl Marx Wrote Communist Manifesto, was against capitalism. Believed the government should interfere to redistribute wealth to get rid of social classes and social and economic inequality.
Factory towns Towns produced by factories. Factories provided residence for workers, but the workers still had to pay bills, that money would be going back to the factory.
Zulu Wars Zulu people of Africa did not want Europe to colonize Africa through a series of wars.
Adam Smith Wrote The Wealth of Nations. Believed in the idea of a free market. Government should not interfere in the economy, capitalism.
Colonies Areas in Europeans settled and recreated Europe. The colonized areas were no longer an independent country, now under the mother country.
Boxer Rebellion China had refused new forms of European Imperialism , the Chinese saw Christianity as a threat to their traditional culture.
Spheres of Influence Areas created from an independent country that permitted another nation to control trade in the area. Mostly common in China.
Cottage Industry Where families would work at home with their own rules and standards.
Women's Suffrage Majority women felt they deserved equality with men. Resulted to era of women demanding the right to vote.
Socialism and Communism Was not a free market, government should control the economy to redistribute wealth to eliminate social classes and social and economic inequality.
Middle Class Due to the benefiting results of the industrial revolution, many people witnessed an increased standard of living, leading to a middle class.
Hindu Nationalism The attempts of European domination brought a sense of Indian Nationalism, the identity was challenged by Christian influence.
Enclosure Movement Due to the Industrial Revolution , farming was more efficient and profitable, which led wealthy farmers to rip land away from peasants
Wealth of Nations Book written by Adam Smith, book promoted the idea of a free market.
The Communist Manifesto Written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in response to capitalism.
Created by: MeehaB
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