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HC 101: Digestive
Digestive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aerophagia | the swallowing of air especially in hysteria. |
| Anastomosis | the surgical union of parts and especially hollow tubular parts. |
| Anorexia Nervosa | a serious eating disorder primarily of young women in their teens and early twenties that is characterized especially by a pathological fear of weight gain leading to a faulty eating patters,, malnutrition, and usually excessive weight loss. |
| Antiemetic | used or tending to prevent or check vomiting. |
| Ascites | abnormal accumulation of serous fluid kin the spaces between tissues and organs in the cavity of the abdomen. |
| Bar/o | weight |
| Bariatrics | a branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of obesity. |
| Borborygmus | a rumbling sound made by the movement of gas in the intestine. |
| Bucc/o | cheek |
| Bulimia Nervosa | a serious eating disorder that occurs chiefly in females, is characterized by compulsive overeating usually followed by self-induced vomiting or laxative or diuretic abuse, and is often accompanied by guilt and depression. |
| Cec/o | cerum |
| Celiac Disease | a chronic hereditary intestinal disorder in which an inability to absorb the gliadin portion of gluten results in the gliadin triggering an immune response that damages the intestinal mucosa |
| Chol/e | bile |
| Cholangi/o | bile duct |
| Cholangiography | radiographic visualization of the bile ducts after ingestion or injection of a radiopaque substance. |
| Cholangitis | inflammation of one or more bile ducts. |
| Cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| Cholecystectomy | surgical excision of the gallbladder. |
| Choledoch/o | common bile duct. |
| Choledocholithotomy | surgical incision of the common bile duct for removal of a gallstone. |
| Cholelithiasis | production of gallstones. |
| Cirrh/o | yellow |
| Cirrhosis | widespread disruption of normal liver structure by fibrosis and the formation of regenerative nodules that is caused by any of various chronic progressive conditions affecting the liever (as long-term alcohol abuse or hepatitis). |
| Colonoscopy | endoscopic examination of the colon. |
| Colostomy | surgical formation of an artificial anus by connecting the colon to an opening in the abdominal wall. |
| Crohn's Disease | inflammation or infection of a diverticulum of the colon that is marked by abdominal pain or tenderness often accompanied by fever, chills, and cramping. |
| Diarrhea | abnormally frequent intestinal evacuations with more or less fluid stools. |
| Diverticulitis | inflammation of diverticula. |
| Diverticulosis | an intestinal condition characterized by the presence of diverticula in the colon that is typically symptomless but may be marked by symptoms (as bleeding or constipation). |
| Dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing. |
| Enteric | pertaining to the small intestine. |
| Enteritis | inflammation of the intestines and especially of the human ileum. |
| Gastralgia | pain in the stomach or epigastrium especially of a neuralgic type. |
| Gastroenteritis | inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and the intestices. |
| GERD | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. |
| gingiv/o | gums |
| glossal | pertaining to the tongue. |
| Hemorrhage | a copious discharge of blood from the blood vessels. |
| Hepatitis | inflammation of the liver. |
| Hepatomegaly | enlargement of the liver. |
| Hernia | a protrusion of an organ or part through connective tissue or through a wall of the cavity in which it is normally enclosed. |
| Hiatal Hernia | herniation of an abdominal organ. |
| Hyperemesis | excessive vomiting. |
| Hypoglossal | pertaining to under the tongue. |
| Ileus | obstruction of the bowel. |
| Inguinal | of, relating to, or situated in the region of the groin. |
| Jaundice | a yellowish pigmentation of the skin, tissues, and certain body fluids caused by the deposition of bile pigments and especially bilirubin that follows interference with normal production and discharge of bile. |
| Leukoplakia | a condition commonly considered precancerous in which thickened white patches of epithelium occur on the mucous membranes especially of the mouth, vulva, and renal pelvis. |
| Morbid | or, relating to, or characteristic of disease. |
| Obesity | a condition that is characterized by excessive accumulation and storage of fat in the body and that in an adult is typically indicated by a body mass index of 30 or greater. |
| Palatoplasty | plastic surgery for repair of the palate (as in cleft palate). |
| Peptic Ulcers | an ulcer in the wall of the stomach or duodenum resulting from the digestive action of the gastric juice on the mucous membrane when the latter is rendered susceptible to its action. |
| Peristalsis | successive waves of involuntary contraction passing along the walls of a hollow muscular structure (as the esophagus or intestine) and forcing the contents onward. |
| Peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum. |
| Polyp | a projecting mass of swollen and hypertrophied or tumorous membrane (as in the nasal cavity or the intestine). |
| Proct/o | anus and rectum. |
| Proctology | a branch of medicine dealing with the structure and diseases of the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon. |
| Pylor/o | pylorus |
| Pyrosis | heartburn |
| Regurgitation | to throw or pour back or out from or as if from a cavity. |
| Salmonellosis | infection with or disease caused by bacteria of the genus Salmonella typically marked by gastroenteritis but often complicated by septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, and various focal lesions. |
| Sialaden/o | salivary gland |
| Sigmoidoscopy | process of using an endoscope designed to be passed through the anus in order to permit inspection, diagnosis, treatment, and photography especially of the sigmoid colon. |
| Tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils. |
| Ulcerative Collitis | a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon that is of unknown cause and is characterized by diarrhea with discharge of mucus and blood, cramping abdominal pain, and inflammation and edema of the mucous membrane with patches of ulceration. |
| Volvulus | a twisting of the intestine upon itself that causes obstruction. |
| Xerostomia | abnormal dryness of the mouth due to insufficient secretions (also known as dry mouth). |
Created by:
Bechristman
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