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Unit 7 Study Stack

Enlightenment and Revolutions

QuestionAnswer
What is an absolute ruler? A ruler who has largely unchecked power
How does the Divine Right Work? Europeans used this to rule, they said God had placed them on the throne
King Louis XIV He began his reign as King of France when he was just 4 years old. He proclaimed himself "The Sun King"
Who was Ivan the Terrible? The First Tsar (supreme ruler)
Who was Peter the Great Russian Monarch, He modernized and westernized his country
Who was Charles I? King of England, he acted as an "Absolute Monarch"
Who was King George III? He is Another king from England, and an example of an absolute monarch for the US
English Civil War Parliament revolted against King Charles I for his abuse of power
The Roundheads Forces of Parliament
The Cavaliers Forces of King Charles
The Restoration of the Monarchy Dissatisfaction with Cromwell's rule causes Parliament to invite King Charles II to retake the English Throne
The Glorious Revolution Parliament invited James II's Protestant daughter Mary II & her husband William to take the throne in his Place
The English Bill of Rights Signed by Mary & William, it created a constitutional or limited monarchy in which parliament has greater power than the monarch and the law is common law
Thomas Hobbes Thinker of the Enlightenment, he Authored the book Leviathan, to defend the tradition of absolutism
The Leviathan Hobbes' book It essentially said that man is inherently selfish, focused on his/her own survival. Therefore life in a state of nature is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short
John Locke Strong supporter of Parliament against absolutism
Two Treatsies on Governemnt Locke's book "Natural laws did exist in the state of nature. These laws included the right to life, liberty, and property- they were unalienable and could not be given up
Charles Montesquieu He believed absolute power corrupted absolutely
The Spirit of Laws Montesquieu advocated in this book or the separation of powers
Jean-Jacques Rousseau He believed people were born naturally good and therefore, could govern themselves
The Social contract Rosseau's book, "People are the rulers and those that hold positions in government have no power except that which is given to them by the people"
Voltaire he was concerned about the tradition of the two pillars of society being church and state, He argued for the separation of church and state
The American Revolution Inspired by John locke's inalienable rights, Montesquieu's separation of powers, and the bill of rights was inspired by the enlightenment
The French Revolution Declaration of the rights of man inspired by locke, French troops exposed to Enlightenment ideas when sent to aid Americans during our revolution
The Storming of the Bastille when 3rd state revolted against King Louis XVI in the name of equality
Louis VXI French Monarch
The Reign of Terror King Louis is executed and the Reign of Terror of the Jacobins led by Robespierre begins
Robespierre French revolutionary Politician
Napoleon French emperor he created the napoleonic code
Napoleonic code established a single unifrom legal code for the entire french empire
Created by: Lauraarboleda
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