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Unit 5: Agriculture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Growing a crop or raising animals for human use | agriculture |
| When people started deliberately raising plants or animals | agricultural revolution |
| Preparing, planting, caring for, and harvesting a plant crop. | cultivation |
| Modifying a plant or animal species through selective breeding so that it becomes dependent on humans | domestication |
| Where is the hearth for potatoes? | Latin America |
| What are the major hearths for plant crops? | Latin America, Southwest Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia Southeast Asia, |
| Where is the hearth for wheat? | Southwest Asia |
| Where is the hearth for rice? | East Asia |
| Where is the hearth for coconuts? | Southeast Asia |
| Where is the hearth for coffee? | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Type of farming in which the farmer uses most of what he/she grows | subsistence agriculture |
| Farming in which most of what is raised is sold for profit | commercial agriculture |
| Which type of agriculture is likely to have smaller farms? | developing/subsistence agriculture |
| Which type of agriculture is likely to have fewer farmers? | developed world/commercial agriculture |
| Which type of agriculture is likely to have more access to modern research and technology? | developed world/commercial agriculture |
| Which type of agriculture is likely to use fewer machines such as tractors, combines, etc.? | developing world/subsistence agriculture |
| The second agricultural revolution coincided with this period of history. | industrial revolution |
| The defining characteristic of the second agricultural revolution | use of machinery |
| Time period in which the second agricultural revolution occurred | 19th-early 20th century |
| What are the three major influences on agricultural practices around the world? | climate, wealth, and culture |
| Which climate types are most commonly found in the tropic regions of the world? | humid equatorial climates |
| Which climate types are most commonly found above 50 degrees latitude? | humid cold climates |
| Which agricultural practice is most closely associated with dry climates? | herding |
| The five major types of agriculture found in developing regions | pastoral nomadism, plantation farming, intensive subsistence-wet rice, intensive subsistence-other crops, shifting cultivation |
| The six major types of agriculture found in developed regions | ranching, mixed crop and livestock, dairying, grain farming, market gardening, Mediterranean |
| Type of agriculture in which herders move their flocks from pasture to pasture throughout the year | pastoral nomadism |
| A person that does not stay permanently in one place | nomad |
| form of nomadism in which herders move animals from lowland to highland pastures and back during the course of a year | transhumance |
| Two examples of pastoral nomadic cultures | Masai and Bedouins |
| Form of agriculture in which farmers shift activity from one field to another | shifting cultivation |
| Type of large-scale commercial farming commonly found in developing regions | plantation agriculture |
| A field created by cutting and burning a patch of forest | swidden |
| Term to describe a field that is not cultivated for several years in order for nutrients to be restored to the soil | fallow |
| This condition can make shifting cultivation unsustainable | overpopulation |
| Shifting cultivation sometimes leads to this environmental condition | deforestation |
| The main crop grown throughout Asia on intensive subsistence farms | wet rice |
| Type of farming found in areas that are too dry or cold for wet rice farming | intensive subsistence, other crops |
| Type of farming in which crops are grown to feed livestock. The farm makes money from the sale of livestock. | mixed crop and livestock farming |
| Region of the US where mixed crop and livestock farming is common | Eastern US |
| Geographer who studied the spatial organization of farming and crop choices in Germany | von Thunen |
| This type of farming is found in the first ring of von Thunen's model | vegetable, fruits, and dairy |
| The growing of vegetables and fruit for sale | market gardening |
| Another name for market gardening | truck farming |
| The two primary crops associated with Mediterranean agriculture | olives and grapes |
| This geographer theorized that farmers find ways to increase food supplies when population pressures force them to intensify production | Ester Boserup |
| The second agricultural revolution is associated with the use of what technology? | machinery |
| The Green Revolution is associated with the use of new hybridized seed types and these | fertilizers and pesticides |
| Assistance to farmers from governments | subsidies |
| This survey system creates a pattern of squares on the landscape | township and range |
| This survey system creates a pattern of rectangles on the landscape | long lot system |
| This survey system creates an irregular pattern of shapes on the landscape | metes and bounds |
| US state in which one can find long lots | Louisiana |
| An area where cattle are kept in relatively small spaces and fed corn until they are ready for slaughter | feed lot |
| This modern innovation has increased yields but is controversial because of ethical and environmental concerns | GMOs |
| This country produces the most cocaine | Colombia |
| This country is the source of much of the world's heroin | Afghanistan |
| This type of agriculture takes place in the outer ring of von Thunen's model | livestock ranching |
| What are the two costs taken into account by von Thunen's model? | transportation and land rents |
Created by:
rowej78
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