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S Disorder + Disease
Esthetics chapter 9 skin disorders and diseases
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dermatology | study of the skin, its structure, its function, its diseases, and its treatment |
| Dermatologist | physician who treats skin disorders and diseases |
| Estheticians must | not diagnose and must refer clients to a physician if medically necessary |
| Lesions | structural changes in the tissues due to damage or injury |
| Describes lesions | any mark, symptom or abnormality |
| Types of lesions | primary, secondary, and tertiary |
| Primary lesions | flat, nonpalpable changes or elevations formed by fluid in a cavity |
| Bulla | large blister with watery fluid, bigger than a vesicle |
| Cyst | closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, and other matter, above or below the skin |
| Macule | flat spot or discoloration, ie freckle |
| Papule | small elevation with no fluid |
| Pustule | inflamed papule containing pus |
| Tubercle | abnormal rounded, solid lump, larger than a papule |
| Tumor | swelling with varied size, shape and color due to excessive cell multiplication |
| Vesicles | small blister or sac with clear fluid |
| Wheal | itchy, swollen lesion, ie hives |
| Hives | wheals or urticaria |
| Secondary lesions | develop later in disease |
| Crust | scab on a sore |
| Excoriation | skin abrasion due to scratching or scraping |
| Fissure | crack in skin penetrating the dermis, ie chapped lips |
| Keloid | thick scar from overgrowth of fibrous tissue |
| Scale | flaky skin cells |
| Scar | light, raised mark forms after injury or lesion heals |
| Ulcer | open lesion with pus and loss of skin depth |
| Acne | chronic inflammatory sebaceous gland disorder with comedones and blemishes |
| Asteatosis | dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency |
| Comedone | mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle |
| Open comedone | blackhead |
| Closed comedone | whitehead; no follicular opening |
| Furuncle | pus in an abscess, boil |
| Milia | whitehead, common in dry skin types; resembles small grains of sand under the skin |
| Rosacea | chronic congestion in cheeks and nose with redness, dilation of blood vessels, and sometimes papules and pustules |
| Sebaceous hyperplasias | benign lesions in oily areas of the face, appear like blackheads, but can't be extracted |
| Seborrhea | severe oiliness of the skin |
| Steatoma aka | sebaceous cyst or wen |
| Steatoma | filled with sebum; pea to orange sized; on the scalp, neck and back |
| Anhidrosis | deficiency in perspiration |
| Bromhidrosis | foul-smelling perspiration |
| Hyperhidrosis | excessive perspiration |
| Miliaria rubra | prickly heat |
| Atopic dermatitis | related to overactive immune systems; prevalent with nasal allergies and asthma |
| Contact dermatitis | allergic reaction from contact with substance or chemical |
| Dermatitis | inflammatory skin condition |
| Eczema | inflammatory, painful itching skin disease; acute or chronic, with dry or moist lesions |
| Edema | swelling |
| Erythema | redness due to inflammation |
| Herpes Simplex | vesicle(s) on a red, swollen base, usually on lips or nostrils, contagious |
| Perioral dermatitis | small cluster of papules around the mouth, not contagious |
| Psoriasis | red patches with white-silver scales due to skin cells replicating too fast |
| Chloasma | liver spots |
| Hyperpigmentation | overproduction of pigment |
| Lentigenes | freckles; small, yellow-brown spots |
| Melasma | pregnancy mask |
| Nevus | birthmark or mole |
| Stain | brown or wine-colored discoloration |
| Tan | exposure to sun |
| Albinism | absence of melanin pigment; congenital leukoderma |
| Hypopigmentation | lack of pigment |
| Leukoderma | light abnormal patches due to congenital disease; ie vitiligo and albinism |
| Vitiligo | white spots or areas, worsened by sunlight |
| Hypertrophy | abnormal growth |
| Keratoma | abnormally thick build up of cells |
| Hyperkeratosis | thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells |
| Actinic keratoses | pink precancerous lesions from sun damage, feel sharp or rough |
| Keratosis pilaris | redness and bumpiness in cheeks or upper arms from blocked follicles; "chicken skin" |
| Mole | brownish spot; flat or raised; don't remove hairs; watch ABCD |
| Skin tag | small outgrowths or extensions |
| Verruca | wart; contagious |
| Basal cell carcinoma | most common, least severe carcinoma; light, pearly nodules |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | more serious than basal; scaly red papules or nodules |
| Malignant melanoma | most serious skin cancer; dark, uneven patches |
| Bacterial conjunctivitis | pink eye |
| Herpes simplex virus | cold sores or fever blisters and genital herpes; contagious |
| Impetigo | clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions filled with bacteria; very contagious |
| Tinea | fungal infection |
| Tinea corporis | very contagious ringworm |
| Tinea versicolor aka | pityriasis versicolor |
| Pityriasis versicolor | yeast infection stopping melanin production |
| Acne causes | clogged pores, bacteria, cosmetics and products, triggers |
| Acne triggers | hormones, stress, foods |
| Acne grades | four; one is lowest |
| Grade I acne | minor breakouts; some blackheads, whiteheads, papules and pustules |
| Grade II acne | many blackheads; more whiteheads, papules, and pustules |
| Grade III acne | red and inflamed; many papules and pustules |
| Grade IV acne | cystic with comedones, papules, pustules and inflammation |
| Retention hyper-keratosis | hereditary; dead skin cells don't shed from follicles |
| Sebaceous filaments | blackheads without cell matter |
| Dyschromia | abnormal pigmentation of the skin |
| Freckles | macules or lentigenes |
Created by:
selfstudy08
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