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Ch 07 O Terms
Acquiring Medical Language
Term | Definition |
---|---|
acidemia | abnormal acidity of the blood |
alkalemia | abnormal alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood |
calciuria | calcium in the urine |
chloremia | increased chloride in the blood |
euglycemia | good blood sugar |
glucosuria | sugar in the urine |
hypercalcemia | excessive calcium in the blood |
hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood |
hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
hyperkalemia | excessive potassium in the blood |
hyperlipidemia | excessive fat in the blood |
hypernatremia | excessive salt in the blood |
hyperphosphatemia | excessive phosphate in the blood |
hypoglycemia | low blood sugar |
ketonuria | ketone bodies in the urine |
polyuria | excessive urination |
uremia | presence of urinary waste in the blood |
adrenaline | hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
epinepherine | hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland |
corticotropin | shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hormone |
glucagon | hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels |
glucocorticoid | hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism |
gonadotropin | hormone that stimulates the gonads |
insulin | hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats |
thyrotropin | hormone that stimulates the thyroid |
adenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of a gland |
adrenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland |
euthyroid | normal functioning thyroid |
gluconeogenesis | formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources |
glycolysis | breakdown of sugar |
glycopenia | deficiency of sugar |
gonadogenesis | creation/development of gonads |
metabolism | breakdown of matter into energy |
endocrine | to secrete internally (i.e. into the bloodstream) |
endocrinologist | specialist in internal secretions |
exocrine | to secrete externally (through ducts to the surface of an organ, i.e. sweat glands and salivary glands) |
glycemic index | ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood) |
ketogenesis | creation of ketone bodies |