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Unit 3
Causes and Effects of the Age of Discovery
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Prince Henry the Navigator | A Portuguese prince who created a school of navigation, spurring on the Age of Exploration |
| Reasons for Europeans' Exploration | Europeans desired to create empires, to search out new markets and economic opportunities, and to spread Christianity |
| Vasco de Gama | A Portuguese sailor who circumnavigated Africa to reach Asia |
| Christopher Columbus | An Italian sailor sent by Spain to reach Asia in the East by sailing West across the Atlantic Ocean and "discovered" the Americas in the process |
| Hernando Cortes | A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec empire in modern-day Mexico |
| Francisco Pizarro | A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan civilization of Andean Peru and Chile |
| Ferdinand Magellan | A Spanish mariner who is credited as the first to circumnavigate the Earth |
| Sir Francis Drake | The first Englishman credited with circumnavigating the Earth |
| Jacques Cartier | A French mariner who navigated into the St. Lawrence River in hopes of finding a Northwest Passage |
| The Old World | Europe, Africa, and Asia |
| The New World | The Americas |
| The Columbian Exchange | The biological and cultural exchange between the Old and New worlds instigated by the voyages of Columbus |
| Old World --> New World | Mostly diseases and livestock, but some agricultural products, like citrus, as well |
| New World --> Old World | Agricultural products like tobacco, peanuts, corn, cotton, etc. |
| Colonial Governments in Latin America | Left a rigid social class system and a dictatorial form of government |
| Causes of the African Slave Trade | The death of the indigenous populations of the Americas and the demand for a new source of labor |
| The Middle Passage | The journey of African slave ships across the Atlantic to the Americas |
| Triangular Trade | The trade of goods between Europe, Africa, and the Americas - Europe exported manufactured goods, Africa exported slaves, and the Americas exported raw materials |
| Effects of African Slave Trade in Africa | Depletion of the fittest members of the population and intertribal warfare |
| Mercantilism | Monopolistic trade system between a mother country and its colonies benefitting the mother country |
| The Commercial Revolution | The advent of banking, financing, and mercantilism which led to economic growth in Europe |
Created by:
FordSB21
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