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Chapter 3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
delta | a triangular region formed at the mouth of a river by deposits of silt |
cataracts | rocky stretches in river marked by rapid currents or waterfalls |
Menes | First pharaoh of Egypt; he is credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt and is said to have founded the city of Memphis, the capital of unified Egypt |
pharaoh | ruler of ancient Egypt |
theocracy | a government ruled by religious leaders who claim God´s authority |
bureaucracy | A highly structured organization, often governmental, managed by officials |
Hatshepsut | Queen of ancient Egypt; she took the throne in place of her stepson, Thutmose III, and during her reign, focused on temple-building projects and trade |
Ramses The Great | Pharaoh of Egypt; he led an army against Hittite invaders of Egypt. He ruled Egypt with extravagance and built more temples and monuments than any other Egyptian pharaoh |
obelisks | tall, thin pillars with pyramid-shaped tops |
mummification | the process of preserving the body with chemicals after death |
hieroglyphics | A form of ancient writing in which picture symbols represent sounds |
papyrus | A paper-like material made by ancient Egyptians from the stem of the reedy papyrus plant, which grows in the Nile River delta |
Rosetta Stone | A granite stone found in 1799 that bears an inscription in hieroglyphics, demotic characters, and Greek; gave the first clue to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics |
Piankhi | King of Ancient Kush; he led the Kushites north into Egypt, conquering all of Egypt and making himself pharaoh |
smelt | to melt or fuse metal in order to separate the metallic components |