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ENDOCRINOLOGY

MP FINAL - ENDOCRINOLOGY

QuestionAnswer
ENDOCRINOLOGY STUDY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE I AUTOIMMUNE DISORDER - HEREDITARY - INSULIN DEPENDENT - ONSET IN CHILDHOOD. SYMPTOMS INCLUDE POLYURIA, POLYDIPSIA, POLYPHAGIA, WEIGHTLOSS OR FATIGUE
DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II SLOW ONSET OF TYPE I, LATENT AUTOIMMUNE IN ADULTS.
HEMOGLOBIN A1C TEST THAT MEASURES BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS OVER THE PAST 3 MONTHS.
HYPERGLYCEMIA INCREASE LEVEL OF GLUCOSE IN THE BLOOD (ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES MELLITUS)
T3 & T4 THYROID HORMONES T3 = TRIIODOTHYRONINE AND T4 = THYROXINE. HORMONES THAT HELP CONTROL THE RATE AT WHICH THE BODY USES ENERGY. ONLY CELLS IN THE BODY THAT CAN ABSORB IODINE
CUSHINGS SYNDROME HIGH LEVELS OF CORTISOL BREAK DOWN TOO MUCH GLYCOGEN CAUSING HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE. RAPID WEIGHT GAIN WITH FAT DEPOSITS IN FACE (MOON FACE), BUFFALO HUMP AND RED APPEARANCE OF FACE REQUIRES SURGERY OR REDUCED USE OF STEROIDS
MELATONIN HORMONE SECRETED BY THE PINEAL GLAND THAT MAINTAINS THE 24 HOUR WAKE SLEEP CYCLE
PITUITARY GLAND ANTERIOR - SECRETES 7 DIFFERENT HORMONES / POSTERIOR - SECRETES 2 DIFFERENT HORMONES
ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES (7) TSH, FSH, LH, PROLACTIN, ACTH, GH, MSH
TSH THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE CAUSES THYROID TO GROW
FSH FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE - STIMULATES OVARIES AND TESTES
LH LUETENIZING HORMONE STIMULATES RELEASE OF MATURE OVUM OR CELLS TO SECRETE TESTOSTERONE
PROLACTIN STIMULATES BREAST DEVELOPMENT AND MILK PRODUCTION
ACTH ADRENOCORICOTROPIL HORMONE - SECRETES HORMONES OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS (ALDOSTERONE, CORTISOL, ANDROGENS)
GH GROWTH HORMONE - STIMULATES GROWTH AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN ALL CELLS
MSH MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE
ADH (POSTERIOR PITUITARY) ANTIDIURETIC DECREASES URINE OUTPUT. MOVES WATER BACK INTO THE BLOOD
OXYTOCIN STIMULATES UTERUS TO CONTRACT
SYNERGISM WHEN 2 HORMONES WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH ONE ANOTHER TO ACCOMPLISH AN ENHANCED EFFECT SYN/O- TOGETHER, ERG/0- ACTIVITY, -ISM = PROCESS
ANTAGONISM WHEN 2 HORMONES EXERT AN OPPOSITE EFFECT. ANTAGAN/O = OPPOSITE - ISM = PROCESS
ACROMEGALY HYPERSECRETION OF A GROWTH HORMONE DURING ADULTHOOD CAUSED BY AN ADENOMA IN THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND. ACR/O- EXTREMITY OR HIGHEST POINT - MEGALY = ENLARGEMENT. CAUSES ENLARGED OR WIDENED FACIAL FEATURES, HANDS OR FEET
Created by: kdelacosta
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