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Semester 1 Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Government does not grant rights, it _______________________ them | protects |
| Rousseau was in favor of what type of government? | a popularly elected government |
| What were some ideas of John Locke? | Natural rights: life, liberty, property |
| What were some thoughts/beliefs of Adam Smith? | laissez faire |
| Which group made up the "Second Estate" under France's ancien regime? | the nobility |
| The relationship between serf and lord could be compared to the relationship between vassal and lord because........ | both relationships involved agreed on duties and responsibilities of each person |
| A positive outcome of the Crusades was that it.... | moved Europe from bartering toward a money-based economy |
| The education of an average child during the Middle Ages centered on basic religious knowledge. What does this imply about the values of medieval society? | religion was at the core of medieval society |
| What was the impact on Europe of the Black Death? | one-third of the population of Europe died, production declined, and the cost of labor soared |
| Describe a serf's life | a serf was bound to the land upon which he or she worked |
| What are some features of Renaissance Art? | realistic depictions of human forms |
| Leonardo da Vince is often referred to as a true "Renaissance Man". Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era? | His interests and body of work spanned many subjects, media, and disciplines, reflecting the quest for knowledge and the spirit of creative adventure that embodied the Renaissance era |
| What economic and cultural changes did printing presses bring to the European cities that had them? | the cities attracted more migrants, became more culturally dynamic, and grew economically |
| How did the Catholic church respond to the Protestant Reformation? | it enacted its own reforms, attempting to end corruption with a renewed emphasis on morality and discipline |
| Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe? | Nicolaus Copernicus |
| What was the eventual result of the scientific contributions of Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon? | a new, step-by-step scientific method resulted, based on inquiry, experimentation, and observation |
| What event revolutionized the way people accessed and consumed ideas and information during the Renaissance? | Gutenberg invented a printing press with movable type |
| What is a theocracy? | a government run by religion leaders |
| The Scientific Method was based on the idea that...... | the truth could only come through investigation |
| Which thinker is credited with establishing the basic principles of physics, including natural laws that govern gravity and motion? | Isaac Newton |
| Everyday language of the ordinary people is ________________ | vernacular |
| An ____________________ was a type of pardon that lessened the time of punishment a soul faced for sins committed during a person's lifetime | indulgence |
| Describe Portuguese exploration? | the Portuguese found a trade route through the Indian Ocean to Asia |
| Describe European conquests in the Americas? | Columbus's mean assaulted Taino men and women and claimed their land for Spain |
| ______________________ is a policy by which a nation sought to export more than it imported in order to build its supply of gold and silver. | Mercantilism |
| A wave of Spanish __________________, or conquerors, soon arrived in the Americas and repeated Columbus's encounter | conquistadors |
| Europeans turned to slave labor to clear ______________, or large estates run by an owner | plantations |
| What were some similarities between Plato and Socrates? | they both encouraged people to discover ethical values through reason |
| The Roman senate extended democracy to lower classes with its admission of | tribunes |
| The most immediate influence of Roman culture on our daily lives can be found in our.............. | legal system |
| The early Christian Church developed into a hierarchy, an organization (define hierarchy) | that arranges officials according to rank |
| Government by the people is | democracy |
| A government in which a hereditary ruler, such as a king or queen, exercises central power is | monarchy |
| In this form of government, power is in the hands or small, wealthy elite | oligarchy |
| A system of government in which citizens take part directly in day-to-day affairs of the government is | direct democracy |
| Rule by a landholding elite is | aristocracy |
| In feudal Europe, a person who controlled the land and could therefore grant estates to vassals | lord |
| Having to do with worldly rather than religious matters | secular |
| A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, & protection of the people who live on the land | feudalism |
| The rituals of the Christian Church | sacraments |
| In 1215, this limited royal power and gave certain rights to English freemen | Magna Carta |
| A body of officials who perform religious services---such as priests, ministers, and rabbis | clergy |
| The requirement that the government act fairly and established laws to make sure it did so | due process |
| Rule that a person can't be held in prison without being charged with a crime | habeas corpus |
| A ruler who has complete authority | autocrat |
| This form of government is characterized by complete control over the government and the lives of the people | absolute monarchy |
| This is the idea that authority to rule comes directly from God | divine right |
| An agreement to give up your freedoms to enter an organized society because life is brutish | social contract |
| These include life, liberty, and property as things we are entitled to | natural rights |
| This is trade with very little government interference, supply and demand are met through the market | laissez faire |
| Military hero for France who achieves many victories on the battlefield | Napoleon |
| In this, executive power is shared between the national government and the states | federal republic |
| Social classes in "old regime" France | Estates First Estate Second Estate Third Estate |
| The right to vote | suffrage |
| Robespierre claimed that this was necessary to protect the ideals of the French Revolution | Reign of Terror |
Created by:
MorgannGregory
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