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ANTHRO FINAL
From the provided study guide
| Colonialism | The active possession of territory by a foreign government |
| Colonialism in the Americas | Colonial period from 1500~1825, disease wiped out the native population and gave Europeans the advantage |
| Food Security | The availability of food and the ability to access it |
| Food Sovereignty | Restoring local control of the food control |
| Urban Slums | Heavily populated urban areas characterized by substandard housing and inadequate water, sewer, electricity, and trash service |
| Structure | The social and cultural systems that individuals operate within {The rules of the game} |
| Agency | The capacity of individuals to act independently and make their own "free" choices |
| Power | The ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence -- either ones own or that of a group or institution |
| Culture | The way members of a society adapt to their environment & give meaning to their lives; everything that people have, think, & do as members of a society |
| Anthropology | The study of humans; study everything about humans biologically, socially, & culturally |
| Holism | The perspective that looks at all the parts of a system & those parts are integrated |
| Ethnocentrism | The tendency to view one's own culture as superior & to apply one's own cultural values in judging the behavior & beliefs of people from other cultures |
| Ethnicity | A culturally constructed category based on perceived cultural, national, or historical differences; focuses on CULTURAL rather than "RACIAL" differences |
| Joint Stock Companies | Precursors to contemporary public corporations run by directors, but owned by shareholders. Unlike individuals, JSC are not restrained by moral obligations. {Economically "rational": self-interested profit maximizers} |
| Global Malnutrition | It is a distribution problem (food security). There's enough food production, but it doesn't get to the people who need it. 80% of malnourished children live in countries that produce food supplies |
| Population Growth | 10,000 years, population was 5-10 Million, today there's over 7.6 billion; 10 billion by 2050 |
| Human Impact on the Environment | I=PAT I=Impact P=Population A=Affluence (level of consumption) T=Technology (can reduce/increase impact) |
| Standards Lowering Competition | "The race to the bottom" 1. Corporations are free to move to the country where their operating expenses will be lowest 2. This creates incentives for countries to have low environmental & worker protection standards |
| Free Trade Agreements | Free Trade is supposed to benefit everyone by increasing efficiency & developing economies |
| FTA Pro's & Con's | BENEFITS OF FT: profits for corporations, innovative & cheap products for wealthy consumers, jobs for some people that really want them COSTS OF FT: poverty & insecurity for workers, unsafe & toxic working conditions, serious environmental problems |
| Multi National Corporations | If development occurs, the MNCs will leave. Corporations can freely cross borders in search of their best interests, but workers are considered criminals if they cross borders in search of their best interests |
| Social Movements | Collective action in response to uneven development, inequality, & injustice that seek to build institutional networks to transform cultural patterns & gov't policies. In social movements, people use their Agency to achieve their goals |
| Ethics in Applies Anthropology | The Ethics of Involvement: Anthropology can be & has been misused, efforts to apply our perspective, knowledge, & practices must be to assist local people & speak up for the disenfranchised |
| Strategies - Consequences | Colonizers took steps to suppress subsistence production: plantation needed workers, so they prohibited growing food for local consumption The inability of people to feed themselves is a result of colonialism: it was an explicit policy of colonizers |
| Neoliberalism | Political & economic policies that promote free trade, individual initiative & minimal government regulation of the economy & oppose state control or subsidy to industries & all but minimal aid to impoverished individuals |
| NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement between the U.S., Canada and Mexico in which is designed to remove tariff barriers. |
Created by:
ashcash123
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