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Chapter 11-12 Voc.
Honors test Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| expansionism | a policy of extending a nation’s boundaries |
| Louisiana Purchase | a large territory purchased from France in 1803 |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the United States was destined to expand from sea to sea across the entire North American continent |
| secede | to withdraw; usually referring to part of a nation leaving in an attempt to gain independence |
| segregation | forced separation by race, sex, religion, or ethnicity |
| imperialism | the domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region |
| protectorate | a region in which a local ruler was left in place but expected to follow the advice of European advisors on issues such as trade or missionary activity |
| sphere of influence | an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges |
| Usman dan Fodio | scholar who inspired resistance against corruption and European control; began an Islamic revival in northern Nigeria |
| Shaka | military leader of the Zulu who united his people, setting off a series of wars in southern Africa |
| paternalistic | governing a country as a father would a child |
| David Livingstone | an African explorer and missionary who hoped to open the African interior to trade and Christianity to end slavery |
| Henry Stanley | American journalist who trekked across Africa and “found” Dr. Livingstone in 1871 |
| King Leopold II | king of Belgium who set off a scramble among European powers for African colonies in the late 1800s |
| Boer War | 1899–1902; a war in which the British defeated Dutch Boers in South Africa |
| Samori Touré | leader of forces fighting the French in West Africa |
| Yaa Asanewaa | queen of the Asante who led her people’s battle against the British in West Africa |
| Nehanda | woman who led the Shona of Zimbabwe against the British until her capture and execution |
| Menelik II | reforming leader who tried to modernize Ethiopia, allowing it to avoid colonial takeover |
| elite | upper class |
| Muhammad Ahmad | a Sudanese man who announced he was the Mahdi, setting off resistance to British expansion in northern Africa |
| Mahdi | a Muslim savior of the faith |
| pasha | provincial ruler in the Ottoman empire |
| sultan | a Muslim ruler |
| genocide | a deliberate attempt to destroy a cultural, racial, or political group |
| Muhammad Ali | father of modern Egypt; expanded cotton production, encouraged development, increased participation in world trade, and invited Western military experts to Egypt to help build a well-trained, modern army |
| concession | special right given to a foreign power, such as the right to drill for oil or export minerals |
| sati | Hindu custom that called for a widow to join her husband in death by throwing herself on his funeral fire |
| sepoy | Indian soldier hired by the British East India Company; sepoys rebelled in 1857 |
| viceroy | British official who ruled in India in the name of the queen |
| deforestation | the destruction of forest land |
| Ram Mohun Roy | Indian reformer who founded Hindu University in Calcutta; sought to reform but not replace Indian culture |
| purdah | the isolation of women into separate quarters |
| balance of trade | the difference between how much a country imports and how much it exports |
| trade surplus | situation in which a country exports more than it imports |
| trade deficit | situation in which a country imports more than it exports |
| Opium War | a war that took place in 1839 when China outlawed opium and clashed with British merchants selling it in China; British gunboats easily defeated the Chinese |
| indemnity | payment for losses in a war |
| extraterritoriality | the right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation |
| Taiping Rebellion | a massive peasant uprising against corruption in the Qing dynasty; between 1850 and 1864, 20 to 30 million may have perishe |
| Sino-Japanese War | the 1894 war in which Japan took Taiwan |
| Open Door Policy | the 1899 United States policy demanding open trade in China |
| Guang Xu | the young emperor who attempted to bring reform to the Qing dynasty |
| Boxer Uprising | anti-foreign movement in China from 1898–1900 |
| Sun Yixian | also known as Sun Yat-sen; named first president of new Chinese republic in 1911 |
Created by:
twhaley
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