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AP World historytest
Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| any group of people sharing a set of cultural traits | Civilization |
| including dwellings, clothing, tools, art, beliefs, knowledge and technology | Culture |
| the study of past events and changes in the development transmission and transformation of cultural practices | History |
| A large city that existed between the Euphrates and the Tigris river | Mesopotamia |
| the historical period characterized by the prodcution of tools from stone and other nonmetallic substances. It was followed in some places by the bronze age and more generally by the Iron age | Stone Age |
| the period of the stone age associated with the evolution of humans. It predates the Neolithic period. | Paleolithic |
| The period of the stone age associated with the ancient Agricultural revolution (s). It follows the paleolithic period | Neolithic |
| People who support themselves by hunting wild animals and gathering wild edible plants and insects | Forager |
| The change from food gathering to food production that occured between 8000 B.C.E. and 2000 B.C.E. Also known as the Neolithic Revolution | Agricultural Revolution |
| The geological era since the end of the Great Ice Age about 11000 years ago | Holocene |
| Structures and complexes of very large stones constructed for ceremonial and religious purposes in Neolithic times | Megalith |
| The largest and most important city in Mesopotamia. It achieved particular eminence as the capital of the Amorite king Hammurabi in the 18th century BCE and the Neo-Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar in the 6th century BCE | Babylon |
| the people who dominated southern mesopotamia through the end of the 3rd millenium BCE. Invented irrigation, cuneiform, and religious conceptions. Taken over by Semitic successors | Sumerians |
| Family of related languages long spoken across parts of western Asia and northern Africa. These langauges included Hebrew, Aramaic, and Phoenician. The most popular language is Arabic | Semitic |
| A small independent state consisting of an urban center and the surrounding agricultural territory. A characteristic political form in early Mesopotamia, Archaic, and Classical Greece, Phoenicia, and early Italy. | City-state |
| Amorite ruler of Babylong (1792-1750 BCE). He conquered many city-states in southern and northern Mesopotamia and is best known for a code of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar, illustrating the principles to be used in legal cases | Hammurabi |
| In the gov of many ancient societies a professional position reserved for men who had undergone the lengthy training required to be able to read and write using cuneiforms, hieroglyphics, or other writing systems | Scribe |
| small charm meant to protect the bearer from evil. Found frequently in archaeological excavations i Mesopotamia and Egypt, amulets reflect the religious practices of the common people | Amulet |
| A system in which wedge-shaped symbols represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia and was used initially for Sumerian and Akkadian but later was adapted to represent other languages of Western Asia. Only a few people could learn this. | Cuneiform |
| The central figure in the ancient Egyptian state, Believed to be an earthly manifestation of the gods, he used his absolute power to maintain the safety and prosperity of Egypt | Pharoah |
| Egyptian term for the concetp of divinely created and maintained order in the universe. Reflecting the ancient Egyptian's belief in an essentially beneficent world, the divine ruler was the earthly guarantor of this order | Ma'at |
| A large triangular stone monument, used in Egypt and Nubia as a burial place for the king. The largest pyramids erected during the Old Kingdom near Memphis with stone tools and compulsory labor, reflects the Egyptian belief in the afterlife | Pyramid |
| The capital of Old Kingdom Egypt, near the head of the Nile delta. Early rulers were interred in the nearby pyramids | Memphis |
| Capital city of Egypt and home of the ruling dynastys during the Middle and New Kingdoms. Amon patrondeity of Thebes, became one of the cheif gods of Egypt. Monarchs were buried across the river in the Valley of the Kings | Thebes |
| A body preserved by chemical process often b/c of the belief in an afterlife. In ancient Egypt, only rich people went under mummification after death. After dehydrating the corpse wtih natron, wrapping it with bandages, and putting it in a wooden coffin. | Mummy |
| Site of one of the great cities of the Indus Valley civilization of the 3rd millenium BCE. It was located on the northwest frontier of the zone of cultivation (modern pakistan) and may have been a center for trade of metals/precious stones from Afghan/Ira | Harappa |
| A massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown | Ziggarat |
| The central figure in the ancient Egyptian state, Believed to be an earthly manifestation of the gods, he used his absolute power to maintain the safety and prosperity of Egypt | Pharoah |
| A system of writing in which pictorial symbols represented sounds, syllables, or concepts. It was used for official and monumental inscriptions in ancient Egypt. Only future scribes were trained. Cursive was used for writing on papyrus | Hieroglyphics |
| Largest of the cities of the Indus Valley civilization, it was centrally located in the extensive flood plain of the Indus Valley communities, but the large scale of construction at ___, the orderly grid of streets, and evidence of building stone | Mohenjo-Daro |
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