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Most common....
Most common associations - USMLE review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bacteremia/pneumonia (IVDA) | S. aureus |
| Bacteria associated with cancer | H. pylori |
| Bacterua found in GI tract | Bacteroides (E coli second most common) |
| Brain tumor (adult) | Mets > astrocytoma (including GBM) > meningioma > schwannoma |
| Infratentorial brain tumor (kids) | Medulloblastoma (cerebellum) |
| Supratentorial brain tumor (kids) | Craniopharyngioma |
| Breast cancer | Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (1 in 9 US women will get it) |
| Breast mass (premenopausal) | Fibrocystic change |
| Breast mass (postmenopausal) | Carcinoma |
| Breast tumor (benign) | Fibroadenoma |
| Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt | Klebsiella |
| Primary cardiac tumor (adults) | Myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium; "ball and valve") |
| Primary cardiac tumor (kids) | Rhabdomyoma |
| Cardiac tumor (adults) | Mets |
| Cardiomyopathy | Dilated cardiomyopathy |
| Chromosomal disorder | Down syndrome |
| Chronic arrythmia | Atrial fibrillation (high risk of emboli) |
| Congenital cardiac anomaly | VSD |
| Constrictive pericarditis | TB |
| Coronary artery involved in thrombosis | LAD > RCA > LCA |
| Early cyanosis | Tetrology of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosis |
| Late cyanosis | VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin; open with misoprostol) |
| Demyelinating disease | Multiple sclerosis |
| Dietary deficiency | Iron |
| Epiglottitis | H. influenzae type B |
| Esophageal cancer | Squamous cell carcinoma |
| Gene involved in cancer | p53 tumor suppressor gene |
| Group affected by cystic fibrosis | Caucasians |
| Gynecologic malignancy | Endometrial carcinoma |
| Heart murmur | Mitral valve prolapse |
| Heart valve affected in baterial endocarditis | Mitral |
| Heart valve affected in baterial endocarditis in IVDA | Tricuspid |
| Heart valve in rheumatic fever | Mitral (aortic 2nd) |
| Helminth infection (in US) | Enterobius vermicularis (Ascaris lumbricoides is 2nd) |
| Hereditary bleeding disorder | von Willebrand's |
| Kidney stones | Calcium (ammonium is 2nd) |
| Liver disease | Alcoholic liver disease |
| Location of brain tumors (adult) | Supratentorial |
| Location of brain tumors (kids) | Infratentorial |
| Lysosomal storage disease | Gaucher's disease |
| Male cancer | Prostatic carcinoma |
| Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever | Hodkin's lymphoma |
| Malignant skin tumor | Basal cell carcinoma |
| Mets to bone | Breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney |
| Mets to brain | Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI |
| Mets to liver | Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and lung carcinomas |
| Motor neuron disease | ALS |
| Neoplasm (kids) | ALL (cerebellar medulloblastoma is 2nd) |
| Nephrotic syndrome | Membranous glomerulonephritis |
| Obstruction of male urinary tract | BPH |
| Opportunistic infection in AIDS | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
| Organ receiving mets | Adrenal glands (due to rich blood supply), Liver 2nd |
| Orgran sending mets | Lung > breast, stomach |
| Benign ovarian tumor | Serous cystadenoma |
| Malignant ovarian tumor | Serous cystadenocarcinoma |
| Pancreatic tumor | Adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas) |
| ALL pt | Child |
| CLL pt | Adult >60yrs |
| AML pt | Adult >60yrs |
| CML pt | Adult 35-50 yrs |
| Hodkin's lymphoma pt | Young male (female in nodular sclerosis type) |
| Minimal change pt | Young child |
| Reiter's pt | Male |
| Pituitary tumor | Prolactinoma |
| Preventable cancer | Lung cancer |
| Primary bone tumor (adult) | Multiple myeloma |
| Primary hyperparathyroidism | Adenomas |
| Primary liver tumor | Hepatoma |
| Renal tumor | Renal cell carcinoma |
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism | Hypocalcemia of chronic renal failure |
| STD | Chlamydia |
| Site of diverticula | Sigmoid colon |
| Site of metastasis | Regional lymph nodes |
| Sites of atherosclerosis | Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid |
| Skin cancer | Basal cell carcinoma |
| Stomach cancer | Adenocarcinoma |
| Testicular tumor | Seminoma |
| Thyroid cancer | Papillary carcinoma |
| Tracheoesophageal fistula | Lower esophagus (upper esophagus is blind pouch) |
| Tumor in men | Prostate carcinoma |
| Tumor in women | Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent) |
| Tumor of infancy | Hemangioma |
| Tumor of adrenal medulla (adults) | Pheochromocytoma (benign) |
| Tumor of adrenal medulla (kids) | Neuroblastoma (malignant) |
| Type of Hodkin's | Nodular sclerotic (vs. miced cellularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion) |
| Type of non-Hodkin's | Follicular, small cleaved |
| Vasculitis | Temporal ateritis (risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of opthalmic artery) |
| Viral encephalitis | HSV |
| Vitamin deficiency (in US) | Folic acid (body only stores 3-4 months supply; pregnant women at high risk) |
Created by:
golfspy
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