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World Religions-

QuestionAnswer
Bhagavad-Gita Hinduism, (200BCE-200CE) and the Ramayana. Hinduism stressed reincarnation, song, part of an epic poem. Tells how sons defeated cousins with help of god Krishna. Strikes a balance between mysticism and practical life
Vishnu Hinduism, god of cosmic order, force of preservation in the universe. Tall regal man, usually with 4 arms
Krishna Hinduism, one form of Vishnu, usually has blue skin
Shiva Hinduism, god of destruction, brings re-creation, fertility, older form of man with horns in meditative position, often short columns resting on oval disks
Devi Hinduism, female god – great mother
Brahma Hinduism, god considered the creative force
Ramayana Hinduism, epic poem
Caste system Hinduism, reincarnation promoted acceptance of the Indian caste system
Brahmans Hinduism,Priestly
Kshatriya Hinduism,warrior/noble
Vaishya Hinduism,peasant
Shudra Hinduism,servant
dalit Hinduism,the untouchable varna, who performed menial labor.
Varna Hinduism, caste
Vedas Hinduism, means knowledge or sacred love - Aryans (post Indus) sacred texts. Four compiled works describe religion, society, values, and thoughts
Hinduism 2500 BC, - grew out of the Vedic traditions
Karma Hinduism,moral consequences carried along with every act, moral law of cause and effect
Moksha Hinduism,liberation/freedom – ultimate human goal, free from self interest
Sanskrit Hinduism, ancient writing
Yoga Hinduism, empty ones mind, meditation
Cows Hinduism, are especially revered
Confucianism (551–479 BC), values of honoring one's family, respecting the elderly, and revering the past and one's ancestors. Social harmony
Five Great Relationships Confucianism, each person must live up to his/her role or status:Father/Son, Elder brother/younger sister, Husband/wife, Elder/younger, Ruler/subject
Yin & Yang Confucianism, universe comprised of complementary opposites
Daoism founded by Lao Zi, taught the Dao, or the “Way,”
acupuncture Daoist beliefs. When administering acupuncture, practitioners attempt to unblock the flow of a person's life-force energy
Dao “The Way” Daoism, to find harmony. Dao is a universal force that governs the world and its workings. People can gain harmony by withdrawing from the secular realm to contemplate nature
Dao de Jing (Tao Te Ching) Daoism
Hundreds of deities Daoism
Jainism origins Hindu. Rejects one creator, rather universe is natural forces in motion. Extremist austerity version, similar to Hindu and Buddha.
5 fundamental practices Jainism, Ahimsa – nonharm, Non stealing, Chastity, Non attachment, Non lying
Mahavira Jainism, great man. Believe that 24 people have attained perfection. Nattaputta Varhmana most recent. May have lived at the time of Buddha. Totally austere, when lost loincloth went naked thereafter. Organized monastery of naked monks.
Karma and reincarnation Jainism,similar to Hindu and Buddhism
Sikhism similar to Hindu and Muslim
Nanak Sikhism,founder. Believed there was only one true god. Wore Hindu dahoti (cloth that forms pants) and orange Muslim robe
Sikh Sikhism,means disciple
Beliefs Sikhism,reincarnation, karma, one god
Militant Sikhism,as preservation for their religion
Buddhism began in the 6th century BC, moderation; midway between the worldly life and ascetic social withdrawal. Rejects idea of a creator
Siddhartha Gautama Buddhism,India – became known as Buddha. when a young prince he went out and saw suffering. Meditated on the meaning of aging, death, and pain. He saw them as inevitable part of life, and also saw a release.
The Buddha Buddhism, the Enlightened One (the Awakened one), and taught about the value of virtuous conduct, nonviolence, and poverty
Mahayana sutras Buddhism, sacred texts, the Buddha as a god and savior
The Four Noble truths Buddhism, to live is to suffer, suffering comes from desire, to end suffering end desire, and release from suffering is possible if you follow the 8 fold path
Eight Fold Path Buddhism, right (correct or complete),Right understanding, Right intention, Right speech, Right action, Right work, Right effort, Right meditation, Right contemplation
Dharma Buddhism, the sum total of Buddhist teachings on how to live and how to view the world
Sangha Buddhism, community of monks and nuns
Nirvana Buddhism, end of suffering, inner peace
Syncretism merge and analogise several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion
Gandhianism Mahatma Gandhi (1869 – 1948)- based in Hinduism
Gandhianism Practical Wisdom and passive restraint, borrows from Hindu, Buddhist, Jain and Christian beliefs about nonviolence (ahimsa) and nonresistance
Monotheistic believing in one God
Judaism Believe in one God, believe in prophets, believe God gave the Law to Moses, believe one day a Messiah will come, believe there will be a resurrection of the good in the world to come
Torah Judaism,Jewish bible (greek for books), 900 BCE
The Ten Commandments Judaism, ethical precepts
Hanukkah Judaism, celebrates rededication of 2nd temple
Kabbalah Judaism,(handed down) all the volumes of Jewish literature.
Ghetto Judaism, Jews forced to live in separate section of city that could be locked
Halakhah Judaism,rabbinic religious law
Christianity Jesus – taught universal love
The Two Great Commandments Christianity, love God and love yourself
Golden Rule Christianity, Do unto others as you would have them do unto you
Richard Niebuhr Christ In Culture Theory
Christ In Culture Theory Christ against culture (pious), Christ of culture (gospel glow), Christ and culture in paradox (separates God's kind and stern rule, Christ above culture (control over public life), Christ transforming culture (influence, not control)
Islam surrender
Muslim “people who submit to Allah”
Allah Muslim, is supreme God. How should I live my life according to God’s will. Tradition of scholarly debate
Prophet Muhammad Muslim,(570 - d. 632CE) – after revelations promoted kindness, honesty support of the poor, protection of the weak. Had experience of ascension and spoke to prophets Abraham and Jesus
Mecca Muslim, Muhammad was born there, already a pilgrimage site due to large meteorite
Qur’an Muslim bible (means recitations) sermons and recollections of followers
Five Pillars Muslim, Creed (There is no god but Allah,Mohammed is his messenger), Prayer (5 times/day), Charity, Fasting (during Rwandan – month Mohammed received revelation), Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once during lifetime)
Sharia Muslim, entire body of laws, guides believer in this life
Shi’a tradition Muslim, Believed that Ali (Mohammed’s cousin) was rightful successor.
Sunni tradition Muslim, Mecca is in Saudi Arabia, so center of Sunni also in Egypt.
Sufism Muslim, Israel, Syria, Egypt – deliberate simplicity. Usually organized around a charismatic leader. Mysticism core belief, you can have a ‘face to face” with God before death
Created by: nlwood
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