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Medical Ch.4
Medical terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| superior | above or upward toward the head |
| inferior | below or downward toward the tail or feet |
| cranial | pertaning to the head |
| caudal | pertaning to the tail |
| distal | away from or farthest from the trunk of the body, or farthest from the point of orgin of a body part |
| proximal | toward or nearest to the trunk of the body or nearest to the point of origin of a body part |
| supine | lying horizontally on the back, faceup |
| prone | lying facedown on the abdomen |
| supination | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn upward or forward |
| pronation | a movement that allows the palms of the hands to turn downward and backward |
| plantar | pertaining to the sole or bottom of the foot |
| dorsum | the back or posterior surface of a part, in the foot, the top of the foot |
| connective tissue | tissue that supports and binds other body tissue and parts |
| cranial | pertaining to the skull or cranium |
| cranial cavity | the cavity that contains the brain |
| cytology | the study of cells |
| genes | segements of chromosomes that transmit hereditary characterisitics |
| frontal plane | any of the vertical planes passing through the body from the head to the feet, perpendicular to the sagittal planes and divding the body into front and back portions |
| epithelial tissue | the tissue that covers the internal and external organs of the body, it also lines the vessels, body caviities, glands, and body organs |
| dysplasia | any abnormal development of tissues or organs |
| dorsum | the back or posterior surface of a part, in the foot, the top of the foot |
| deep | away from the surface and toward the inside of the body |
| distal | away from or farthest from the trunk of the body, or farthest from the point of origin of a body part |
| cytoplasm | a gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell. Contains cell organs, called organelles, which carry out the essential functions of the cell |
| coocyx | the tailbone |
| chromosomes | the threadlike structures wihtin the nucleus that control the functions of growth, repair, and reproduction for the body |
| cervical vertebrae | the first seven segements of the spinal column, C1 through C7 |
| cell | the smalledt and most numerous structual unit of living matter |
| cell membrane | the semipermeable barrier that is the outer covering of a cell |
| caudal | pertaining to the tail |
| cardiac muscle | the mucle that makes up thr muscular wall of the herart |
| aplasia | a development failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue |
| anterior | pertaining to the front of the body or toward the belly of the body |
| anatomical postion | the standard reference postion for the body as a whole, the person is standing wiht arms at the sides and palms turned forward, the individual's head and feet are also pointing toward |
| anaplasia | a change in the structure and orientation of cells, characterized by a loss of differentation and reversion to a more primitive form |
| abdominopelvic cavity | a term that describes the abdominal and pelvic cavity collectively, refers to the space between the diaphragm and the groin |
| abdominal cavity | the cavity between the thoriac cavity that is separted from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm, |
| organ | tissues arranged together to perform a special function |
| pelvic cavity | the lower front cavity of the body |
| nucleus | the central controlling body within a living cell that is enclosed within the cell membrane |
| nervous tissue | tissue that trasmits impulses throughout the body, thereby activating, coordinating and controlling the many functions of the bpdy |
| navel | the umbilicus, the belly button |
| neoplasia | the new and abdnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant |
| muscle tissue | the tissue capable of producing movement of the parts and organs of the body by contracting and relaxing its fibers |
| munro's point | a point on the left side of the abdomen, about halfway between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hips |
| mitochondria | cell organs(or organelles)which provide the energy needed by the cell to carry on its essential functions |
| midsagittal plane | the plane that divides the body (or a structure)into right and left equal portions |
| midline of the body | the imaginary "line" created when the body is divided into equal right and left halves |
| membrane | a thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, ordivides a space-such as the abdominal membrane that lines the abdominal wall |
| mediolateral | pertaining to the middle and side of a structure |
| medial | toward the midline of thebody |
| McBurney;s Point | a point on the right side of the abdomen, about two-thirds of the distance between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip |
| lysosmes | cell organs that contain various types of enzymes that function in intracelluar digestion. Lysosomes destroy basteria by digesting them, |
| lumbar vertebrae | the largest and strongest of the vertebrae of the spinal column |
| lumbar region | the right and left regions of the middle section of the abdomen |
| lateral | toward the side of the body, away from the midline of the body |
| inferior | below or downward toward the tail or feet |
| inguinal region | the right and left regions of the lower section of the abdomen, also called the iliac region |
| hypoplasia | incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decrease in the number of cells |
| hypogastric region | the middle section of the lower abdomen, beneath the umbilical region |
| hypochondriac region | the right and left regions of the upper abdomen, beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs, located on either side of the epigastric region |
| hyperplasia | an increase in the number of cells of a body part |
| histologist | a medical scientist who specializes in the study of tissues |
| plane | imaginary slices(or cuts)made through the body as if a dividing sheet were passed through the body at a particular angle nad in a particluar direction, permitting a view from a differnt angle |
| pertioneum | a specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdnominal wall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera |
| superior | above of upward toward the head |
| superfical | pertaining to the surface of the body or near the surface |
| spinal cavity | the cavity that contains the nerves of the spinal cord, also known as the spinal canal |
| smooth muscle | muscle found in the walls of the hollow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines |
| skeletal muscle | muscle that is attached to bone and is responsible for the movement of the skelton |
| sacrum | the singular traingular shaped bone that results from the fusion of the five indivdual sacral bones of the child |
| ribosomes | cell organs that synthesize protiens, often called the cell's "protein factories" |
| posterior | pertaining to the back of the body |
| visceral muscle | muscle found in the walls of the hollow internal organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines |
| visceral | pertaining to the internal organs |
| ventral | pertaining to the front, belly side |
| umbilicus | the naval, also called the belly button |
| umbilical region | the region of the abdomen located in the middle section of the abdomen between the right an dleft lumbar regions and directly beneath the epigastric region |
| tissue | a group of cells that performs specialized functions |
| transverse plane | any of the planes cutting across the body perpendicular to the sagittal and the frontal planes, dividing the body into superior (upper) and inferior(lower)portions |
| thoracic vertebrae | the second segement of 12 vertebrae that make up the vertebral bones of the chest, identified as T1 through T12 |
| system | organs that work together to perform the many functions of the body as a whole |
| thoracic cavity | the chest cavity |
| Fowler's | sitting up |
| semi fowler's | leaning back |
| supine | most common surgical postion |
| coronal | divides the body structures into anterior posterior postions |
| lithomy | common postion for gynecological procdures |
Created by:
Courtneey
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