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WH Wynn Midterm IRMA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do Hinduism and Buddhism have a common belief in? | Reincarnation and non-violence |
| What was the underlying objective of the Chinese philosophies of Confucius, Laozi, and the Legalists? | Restore order, harmony, and respect for authority |
| What achievements are the Romans most known for? | ELLA: Engineering, Language, Law, Art & Architecture |
| What was the earliest system of laws ever recorded? | Hammurabi’s Code |
| What writing system was developed by the Sumerians? | Cuneiform |
| What factors caused the Roman empire to fall apart? | A widening gap between rich and poor, invaders, a bad economy, and splitting up the empire |
| What kind of government was Greece forced to use based on the geography of their land? | City-states |
| What was the main method of Buddhism’s spread across Asia? | Trade |
| What type of government rule is based on religious authority? | theocracy |
| What was the main reason that the Phoenicians needed a phonetic alphabet? | To record trade transactions |
| What cultures did Alexander the Great blend together to form the Hellenistic culture? | PIGE: Persian, Indian, Greek, Egyptian |
| Why was the Silk Road important to China? | It connected China to other cultures through trade. |
| For what achievements were the Phoenicians most well-known? | Alphabet, sea trade, shipbuilding |
| What did Egyptians believe about the Pharaoh? | They saw him as a god-king. |
| What reforms did Augustus make when he became Caesar? | Stabilized the frontier, created a civil service system, and built up the city of Rome |
| What is a republic? | A type of government where citizens choose their officials |
| What made Christianity such a popular religion during Roman times? | The promise of eternal life, salvation open to all, one-on-one relationship with God and an excellent Roman road system that helped it spread throughout the empire. |
| What do Hinduism and Buddhism believe about the caste system? | Hinduism = in favor; Buddhism = against |
| Why were the Gupta Empire in India and the Age of Pericles in Athens known as Golden Ages? | Many advancements made in mathematics, sciences, arts, and literature |
| List the 5 Pillars of Islam. | Pray 5x a day; fast during month of Ramadan; make a declaration of faith; give charity; make a pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) |
| What beliefs did the Catholic Church re-affirm at the Council of Trent? | Achieve salvation through faith AND good works; The Bible is not the ONLY source of Christian truth; Set up schools to educate clergy to challenge Protestants; Indulgences are valid expressions of faith |
| What were the main teachings of Martin Luther? | Salvation by faith alone; Priesthood of all believers; The Bible is the only source of religious truth. |
| According to Muslims, who is Muhammad? | He was the last and greatest of prophets. |
| What teachings do Islam, Christianity, and Judaism have in common? | All are monotheistic and teach that there is life after death |
| What do Sunni and Shi’a Muslims disagree about? | Who would be caliph (leader). Shias say the caliph should be descended from Muhammad. Sunnis say the caliph could be any pious male Muslim. |
| Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy? | Its location was good for trade and contact with Muslims who had preserved Greek and Roman knowledge |
| What was the chief goal of the Crusades? | For Christians to regain control of the Holy Land from the Muslims |
| What was one negative effect of the Crusades? | A lasting hatred between some Christians and Muslims. |
| What is Ibn Sina known for developing? | A medical encyclopedia |
| Why was Leonardo da Vinci considered the ultimate Renaissance man? | He excelled at many fields: art, sculpture, botany, engineering, human anatomy |
| What two ancient cultures did Humanists focus their work on? | Greeks and Romans |
| Who was the leading family of Florence who were patrons of the arts? | Medici family |
| What was the major teaching of John Calvin? | predestination |
| How did the Catholic Church respond to the Reformation? | They had their own reformation - Catholic Reformation or Counter-Reformation. |
| What was the role of the Jesuits in the Counter Reformation? | Combat heresy and spread Catholicism around the world |
| What were the effects of the invention of the printing press? | More books were made, books became cheaper, literacy rates increase, people gain access to knowledge, causes religious conflict of the 1500s |
| What were three goals of 15th century European exploration? | 3 Gs: God, Gold and Glory |
| What were key technological advancements that enabled overseas voyages of extended length? | Development of better maps, astrolabes, caravel ship, triangular sails |
| Who was the Chinese explorer that led seven overseas voyages of exploration? | Zheng He |
| Which explorer is credited with opening up trade between Europe and the Americas? | Christopher Columbus |
| Who was the first explorer to circumnavigate the world? | Ferdinand Magellan |
| What was the Columbian Exchange? | The exchange of plants, animals, humans, and diseases between the Americas and Europe. |
| How did the introduction of crops from the Americas impact Europe? | The new crops helped improve nutrition in Europe which led to a population boom. |
| What is the name of the economic policy where nations tried to build up their supply of gold and silver by obtaining colonies? | Mercantilism |
| What was the role of Elizabeth I in the Reformation? | She brought Catholics and Protestants together to create the Anglican Church in England. |
Created by:
Ms.Wynn
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