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AP HUG CH. 4

CULTURE

QuestionAnswer
Acculturation Is cultural modification of an individual, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture.
Adaptive strategies Is the idea that humans can adapt their agricultural practices to the needs of the society or the environment.
Architecture and housing styles (folk and pop cultures) Refers to different styles of housing.
Artifacts Are usually simple objects (such as tools or ornaments) showing human workmanship or modification as distinguished from a natural object.
Assimilation Is the process through which people loose original traits (dress, speech, mannerisms) when they come in contact with another society or culture.
Authenticity Is the quality of being authentic; genuineness. Authentic is having an origin supported by unquestionable evidence; authenticated; verified.
Carl Sauer Was an american geographer who was an authority on desert studies, tropical areas, the human geography of American Indians, and agriculture and native crops of the New World.
Charter group The dominant first arrivals establishing the cultural norms and standards against which other immigrant groups were measured.
Culture (Cultural Geography) Is the body of material traits, customary beliefs, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people.
Cultural Appropriation Is the act of taking or using things from a culture that is not your own, especially without showing that you understand or respect this culture.
Cultural Commodification The process though which something is given monetary value. Giving a price tag or value to something that was not previously perceived as having a money-related value.
Cultural Convergence The sharing of technologies, organizational structures, etc. among widely separated societies in a modern world united by instantaneous communication and efficient transportation.
Cultural Core -Periphery pattern The core-periphery idea that the core houses the main economic power of the region and the outlying region and that the periphery houses the lesser economic ties with the semi-periphery in-between the two.
Cultural Determinism vs. Possibilism Cultural Possibilism Is the idea that the cultural environment places limits on the set of choices available to people while Cultural Determinism is the belief that cultural influences determine the behaviors of people.
Cultural Diffusion (Spatial Diffusion) Is spread of cultural ideas from one society to another.
Cultural Identity Is the identity or feeling of belonging to a group.
Cultural Landscape (Built Environment) Is the modification of the natural landscape by human activities.
Cultural linkage The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network.
Cultural Realm Is the entire region that displays the characteristics of a culture.
Cultural Regions Are areas marked by cultures that distinguish them from other regions.
Cultural Revival Is the rebirth and/or revitalization of a culture or cultural characteristics.
Customs Are repetitive acts of a group, performed to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group, such as many students typically wearing jeans to class.
Environmental Determinism vs. Possibilism Environmental Possibilism Is the idea that the environmental environment places limits on the set of choices available to people while Environmental Determinism is the belief that environmental influences determine the behaviors of people.
Ethnicity Is a particular ethnic affiliation or group.
Folk Culture Is traditionally practiced primarily by small, homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas.
Folklore Is the expressive body of culture shared by a particular group of people; it encompasses the traditions common to that culture, subculture or group.
Formal Regions Are regions marked by uniformity, but they are also a region/area sharing one or more physical or cultural feature (uniform region).
Functional Regions Are areas organized around a node. The characteristic chosen to define this region dominates at a focal point and diminishes in importance outward. This region is tied to the center point by transportation/communication systems or by economic association.
Gender Is social differences between men and women, rather than the anatomical, biological differences between the sexes.
Habits Are repetitive acts that a particular individual performs, such as wearing jeans to class every day.
Hearth Is the region from which innovative ideas originate.
Hierarchal diffusion Occurs when the diffusion innovation or concept spreads from a place or person of power or high susceptibility to another in a leveled pattern.
Human-­‐ Environmental Interaction (Cultural Ecology) Is the study of the relationship between a culture group and the natural environmental it occupies.
Independent Inventions Are traits that many cultural hearths develop independently of each other.
Indigenous groups Are ethnic groups who are the original inhabitants of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.
Material vs. Non-material culture Material Culture is the art, etc. created by a social group. Physical items produced by people in a social group reflect their traditions while Non-material Culture is the oral traditions, along with its customary behaviors of a social group.
Transculturation Occurs when two cultures of just about equal power or influence meet and exchange ideas or traits without the domination seen in acculturation and assimilation
Uniform landscape (A.K.A. Placelessness) A hypothetical portion of the earth's surface assumed to be an unbounded, uniformly flat plain with uniform and unvarying distribution of population, purchasing power, transport costs, accessibility, and the like.
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