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Chapter 10

The Muslim World

QuestionAnswer
1.What are the five pillars of Islam? 1. Sincerely reciting the Muslim profession of faith. 2. Performing ritual prayers in the proper way five times each day 3.Paying an alms (or charity) tax to benefit the poor and the needy 4.Fasting during the month of Ramadan 5.Pilgrimage to Mecca
2.Why was Mecca an important city in western Arabia? Mecca was an important city in western Arabia because this became the center of trade and the site of the Ka'aba.
3.Why did Muslims consider Christians and Jews "people of the book"? Muslims consider Christians Jews "people of the book" because they both have holy books that compare to the Qur'an.
4.How did the beliefs and practices of Islam create unity and strength among Muslims in the 600s? The language, Shari'a laws, and alms giving created unity and strength among Muslims in the 600s.
5.How did Islam help spread Arabic culture? Islam rapidly spread through military conquest and religious conversation.
6.How did Muslims under the "rightly guided" caliphs treat conquered peoples? They tolerated those who didn't convert to Islam and made then 2nd class citizens, but those who did convert were made equals.
7.Why did the Shi'a oppose the rule of the Umayyads? Because they thought that rulers should be descendants of Muhammad and they weren't.
8.What tied the Abbasid caliphate and the independent Muslim states together? Religion, language, and the economy tied them together.
9.Do you think Muhammad should have appointed a successor? Why or why not? No, because if Muhammad appointed a successor caliphs wouldn't have been created, the three groups of Muslims wouldn't have formed, and the expansion would have probably taken longer.
10.What attracted non-Muslims to Islam and Islamic culture? Its beauty, truthfulness, and also there was a lot of benefits and incentives.
11.Which of these elements most strengthened the Abbasid rule? Extended knowledge and large Baghdad population; use of sciences and math saved the ill.
12.How did Muslim scholars help preserve the knowledge of ancient Greeks and Roman? Translated text and the creation of the House of Wisdom.
13.What united the scholars of different cultures who Worked in the House of Wisdom? Common language (Arabic) and the love of learning.
14.What role did the cities play in the advancement of Muslim culture? Development of social classes, cultural diffusion, centers for trade, and education.
15.What were some of the Muslim contributions in medicine, mathematics, and astronomy? New ideas about vision, charted stars, comets, and planets in astronomy, medical books translated into several languages and the idea that fresh air will help you heal faster.
Created by: reesem
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