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Modern ME Conflicts
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is Palestine? | Area now known as Israel, it was originally a homeland for Muslims. |
Who are the Palestinians? | Arab Muslims living in Israel |
Who are the Israelis? | Jewish people who claim the area originally known as Palestine as their homeland promised to them by God |
Why is there conflict between Palestinians and Israelis? | They both feel they are entitled to claim the land known as Palestine. |
What group of people migrated to Israel in the 1930s/40s and why? | Zionists (Jews) migrated to Israel in the hopes of recreating their homeland due to persecution, the Holocaust, displacement due to WWII. |
What was the PLO? | Palestinian Liberation Organization – a group of (Palestinians) Muslims who feel that Israeli does not have the right to exist and want the land returned to them. |
What are the “occupied territories” and where are they located? | Gaza Strip and West Bank are both located in Israel; Gaza Strip is located on the Mediterranean Sea and West Bank is located on the western border with Jordan |
Who was Saddam Hussein and what role did he play in Middle East conflicts? | Saddam was the President of Iraq. He invaded Kuwait in 1990 to get their oil. UN pushed him out of Kuwait in 1991. In 2003 US declared war on Iraq as part of the War on Terror. They felt he was aiding Al-Qaeda and thought he had WMD |
What was al-Qaeda? | A terrorist group responsible for 9-11 (the leader was Osama Bin-Laden). |
What was the Persian Gulf War and which countries were involved? | A war resulting from Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait in 1990—Iraq wanted to take over Kuwait’s oil. A coalition of UN forces were sent in to liberate Kuwait in 1991. Iraq, Kuwait, US led coalition forces were the main participants. |
Why did Saddam Hussein attack Kuwait? | 1. Felt that Kuwait should forgive war loans 2. Accused Kuwait of stealing oil from Iraq |
What was Operation Desert Shield? | U.S. sent military to protect Saudi Arabia from Iraqi attacks/possible takeover. |
Why did the United States declare war with Afghanistan in 2001? | The US wanted to capture the people responsible for 9-11 (al-Qaeda). The Taliban, the government of Afghanistan, was harboring them. |
What happened on September 11, 2001 and who was the President at the time of September 11, 2001? | A group of militants associated with al-Qaeda hijacked 4 US airliners and carried out suicide attacks throughout the U.S., killing over 3000 people; the president was George W Bush. |
What are WMD and how did they get the US involved in Iraq? | Weapons of Mass Destruction are weapons such as gas that can be used to kill thousands of people. Saddam Hussein was supposed to get rid of them following the Persian Gulf War. |
Who was the Taliban and what country did they control? | The Taliban was the extremely radical government of Afghanistan. They used violence to maintain control of the country. They became involved in terrorist activities. |
Who was Osama Bin Laden? | The leader of al-Qaeda, an extremist fundamentalist group of Muslims responsible for 9-11. He had been supported by the U.S. during his fight against the Soviets in the 1980’s in Afghanistan. His family was wealthy and from Saudi Arabia. |
What is terrorism? | the unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims |
What is the War on Terror and what President is responsible for starting the war? | After the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the Bush administration declared a worldwide "war on terror," involving open and covert military operations, new security legislation, efforts to block the financing of terrorism, and more. |
What is war? | a state of armed conflict between different nations or states or different groups within a nation or state. |
What is the cause of the disagreement between the Sunni and Shia Muslims? | Who should lead Islam after the death of Muhammad |
Where do most Shia live? | Iran |
Who does Sunni leaders believe the leader of Islam should be? | any good Muslim who is wise and knowledgeable about Islam |
Who does Shia leaders believe the leader of Islam should be? | a member of Muhammad’s family, believed only Arabs could be Muslims |
The majority of Muslims are from which sect? | Sunni |
Who was in control of the Ottoman Empire after WWI? | Great Britain |
When was the official state of Israel established? | May 1948 |
What is the term for Jewish populations being spread out in Europe and the rest of the world that began in 70 A.D.? | diaspora |
What is Zionism? | a movement for establishment and development of a Jewish nation (homeland) in what is now Israel. |
What were the TWO states that the UN broke Palestine into in 1947? | Palestine and Israel |
What political party did Saddam Hussein belong to? | The Ba'ath party |