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Exam 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 133-30 | Late Republic |
| political issues | Late Republic |
| roman constitution had been written for a city state | Late Republic |
| inadequate in ruling a empire | Late Republic |
| have to create a whole system of ministry so laws could be enforced, armies could be maintained, and a system of tax was made | Late Republic |
| some roman generals were getting too powerful | Late Republic |
| soldiers return home and had to start over or sell their property to men soon had to drift into rome and created slums | distrust of farm families in the late republic |
| latifundia | plantations |
| Rome had military requirement what was it | to own property |
| large body of experienced man power was going to waste why | because no one owned property and were all in the slums so the roman military was falling |
| man who tried to make reforms for rome | Tibierius Ghacchus |
| suggested redistributing public land to former soldiers | Tibierius Ghacchus |
| the wealthy didn't like his ideas | Tibierius Ghacchus |
| he was murdered by a group of senators | Tibierius Ghacchus |
| marched a period of violence leading to the fall of the republic | Tiberius Ghacchus's death |
| who wasTibierius Ghacchus's brother | Gaius Ghacchus |
| took over and wanted to alleviate rome; roman citizenship should be extended to Italy | Gaius Ghacchus |
| he was opposed by senate which led to a riot | Gaius Ghacchus |
| him and his 3,000 supporters were murdered in a riot | Gaius Ghacchus |
| consult to reorganize the roman legend | Gaius marices |
| recruited soldiers if you will volunteer you will get what | land |
| Roman army went to North Africa to put down rebellion when they returned home who wouldn't give them their land | senate |
| the army transformed into a professional fighting forced sets stage for | military rebellion |
| there was a revolt in Italy who was it between | Marius and his supporters vs Cornielus Sulla and his supporters which where supporters of the senate |
| who took his army to Rome | Sulla |
| in 82 B.C. who proclaimed dictator | Sulla |
| made reforms in the senate's favor | Sulla |
| in &9 B.C. he stepped down from power | Sulla |
| in 70 B.C who came into power | Pompey |
| what did Pompey reapply? | Sulla's laws |
| who put down a rebellion in Asia minor and cleared Eastern Med of pirates | Pompey |
| why was rome wealth draining | it was a parasitical state |
| who was acquiring great wealth | Roman Generals |
| General of the Roman Army | Julius Caesar |
| Army conquered France | Julius Caesar |
| he was very well known | Julius Caesar |
| soldiers love him | Julius Caesar |
| he was a great politician | Julius Caesar |
| brought his army to rome in 49 B.C and defeated Pompey | Julius Caesar |
| after defeating Pompey he became ruler of the state | Julius Caesar |
| he instituted new reforms after Pompey | Julius Caesar |
| 44 B.C he was assassinated | Julius Caesar |
| who replaced Julius Caesar | 3 men - Mark Antony, Lepidus, Octavian |
| what were the 3 rulers called | triumrinate |
| who made Lepidus a offer | Octavian |
| what happened to Lepidus | he retired into private life |
| who married cleopatra | Mark Antony |
| what did Octavian accuse Mark Antony of? | of wanting to become ruler of Egypt |
| 31 B,C who was killed | Mark Antony |
| Octavian did what to Egypt | annexed Egypt from the Roman Empire |
| Octavian was such a good ruler that the senate gave him a new name what was his new name | Augustus Caesar |
| Augustus entered rome into the time called what | Pax Romana |
| What does Pax Romana mean | Roman Peace |
| when was the Pax Romana | 30 B.C to A.D 180 |
| Government was efficient and transformed Rome to a Republic to a Empire | Pax Romana |
| A.D 14 who died | Augustas |
| who succeeded Augustus Caesar | his step son Tiberius |
| Whos reign was 14-37 A.D. | Tiberius |
| was a weak individual tried to follow his father | Tiberius |
| died in A.D 37 at age 70 | Tiberius |
| who succeeded Tiberius | his nephew Caligula |
| was strange; reign was short he got his nickname "little boots" he was seriously mentally deranged | Caligula |
| had a relationship with is sister | Caligula |
| appointed his horse apart of the senate | Caligula |
| he wanted rome to get england apart of his empire but he made his soldiers throw seashells | Caligula |
| who succeeded Caligula | Claudius |
| A.D 41- 54 | Claudius |
| was not a bad ruler he returned the to type of rule - cystus | Claudius |
| was murdered in 54 A.D | Claudius |
| who succeeded Claudius | by his adopted son Nero |
| A.D 54-68 | Nero |
| bizarre and mentally deranged | Nero |
| well known for his persecution of Christians | Nero |
| There was a great fire in rome and destroyed most of the city and who did nero blame it on | the christians |
| had lavish parties at night and made them lit by staking christians and setting them on fire | Nero |
| he wanted to be a artist with his music | Nero |
| entered contes in rome and would go around to judges and them impartial | Nero |
| what did nero do to the other music contestants | would threaten them not to win |
| his mother tried to influence his rule which led her to being murdered | Nero |
| he committed suicide | Nero |
| who became the emperor after a period of strife | Vespasiam |
| A,D 69-79 | Vespasiam |
| wanted to control of state building process | Vespasiam |
| put down a rebellion in Gaul | Vespasiam |
| A.D 70 Vespasiam's son titus captured what | Jerusalem |
| Jewish resistance didn't end until | Masada |
| What happened to the jewish settlement when the Romans got there | the jewish men had killed their families and themselves |
| who succeeded Vespasiam | his son Titus |
| who had a short reign in 79-81 A.D | titus |
| was very popular called the darling of human race | Titus |
| his reign had several disasters such as plague, another fire, and a eruption of mt. Vesuvius which destroyed Pompeii | Titus |
| who succeeded Titus | his brother Domitian |
| wanted to be addressed a our lord and god | Domitian |
| he was assassinated | Domitian |
| emperor A.D 98-117 added more provinces to the empire | Traijin |
| emperor A.D 117-138 | Hadrian |
| he abandoned the expansion policy | Hadrian |
| began to consolidate he stream lined army and tighten strict on new military acton and strengthened the frontiers | Hadrian |
| wall was built in english departed Europe and Scotland | Hadrian |
| he toured the empire in person | Hadrian |
| there was a major lead poisoning going on | Hadrian |
| who succeeded Hadrian | Antonimus |
| goos man devoted to family and his subjects | Antonimus |
| was a reign marked by peace | Antonimus |
| laws were revised and made more humane | Antonimus |
| there were flaws with his reign the roman army started to get weak | Antonimus |
| tenets farmers | small time farmers who could either sell out or compete |
| agriculture was falling into the hands of the wealthy | Antonimus |
| formed a legal system which formed civil law for most human civilization | Antonimus |
| in what century did the Roman empire start to decline | 3rd |
| upper class became what | apathetic (don't care attitude) |
| lower classes became what | discontent |
| what was the issue with birth in rome | the birth count went down because birth control was made from a plant |
| the inner regional trade declined , provinces became more self efficient , agriculture declined because of soil erosion, overcropping, and deforestation | falling of rome |
| foundations of Christianity was the teaching of | Jesus from Nazareth |
| who helped spread the word | Saint Paul |
| century following the crucifixion new testament was written in | Greek |
| first three hundred years of Christianity were slow why | because monotheism was refused by cults |
| was banned from the roman empire as soon as it became powerful | Christianity |
| They crated a law were Christians would be what | arrested and executed |
| by the 3rd century the christians refused to do what | worship the emperor |
| 250 the emperor Decius began the persecution of | christians |
| the 3rd century what became strong | christianity |
| 312 who got help from the christians after his dream and trying to become emperor | Constantine |
| 323 Constantine took office as emperor and who favored him | christians |
| 337 days before he died constantine asked for what | to be baptized |
| that became the official religion of the empire | Christianity |
| now the new emperor persecuted who | pagens |
| what was the result of persecution of pagans? | People were coming into the church and not being sincere |
| some elements of what were brought into the church | pagan |
| to keep the unity of the empire constantine called the first ecumenical meeting at Nicaea in A.D 325 as came up with what | Nicene Creed |
| churches official commotion is what | orthodox |
| what happened to the Roman empire? | it was split |
| what were the two parts of rome called? | Eastern and Western part |
| Rome was the main and were latin speaking | Western part of Rome |
| Constantine Founded which had Constantinoble and Greek was the common language | Eastern part of the empire |
| the west school of Latin Theology was rising under leadership of who | St. Ambross, St. Jerome, St. Augustine |
| Who translated Bible into Latin (Vulgate translation) | St. Jerome |
| who was very popular but wasn't afraid to call people out | St. Ambross |
| who was the real founder of Latin Theology? | St. Augustine |
| what does the eastern sides church turn into | orthodox or know as greek orthodox |
| who was the head of the local church | bishop |
| A council of bishops formed which evolved into | archbishop |
| Eastern side wouldn't accept who | the Pope |
| who fixed rome and was a bishop | sinnocent 1 |
| what takes the place of imperialism | church |
| first one to claim that all of the churches to the west should pledge to the roman church with its customs | sinnocent 1 |
| middle of the 5th century created the office of the Pople | Leo the Great |
| christian ascites where coming up which created what | monasteries |
| people who became hermits | first monks |
| St. Benedict founded what | Monanstasystem |
| had a year of probation then they would have to take up 3 vows what were the vows | poverty, chastity, obedience |
| who ruled the monasteries | the abbet who led for life |
| What became the center pf civilization through the dark ages | monasteries |
| what was a big threat | German tribes |
| Romans were successful in defending until what | the 4th century |
| in 376 who crossed the frontier | Visigoths |
| 367-369 | Goths turned to Christianity |
| West Goths | Visigoths |
| East Goths | Ostrogoths |
| Visigoths invasion was triggered by what | the Huns |
| Mongolians | the Huns |
| who did the visigoths turn to help them | Romans |
| Romans let visigoths let them come int on certain conditions | had to surrender their arms |
| What did the romans neglect to do to the visigoths | they didn't take their arms but robbed them |
| in reactions to failing through the agreement the visigoths | destroyed the country side |
| emperor at Constantine made a deal and allowed who to settle down as allies | visigoths |
| when emperor died what did the visigoths do | rose up again |
| visigoths went too italy and robbed them and then what | settled down |
| leaders of the visigoths | Alaric |
| the visigoths pushed who into North Africa | Vandals |
| 439 Vandals took Carthage and attacked what | Roman ships and costal cities |
| Who ruled the Huns | Attila |
| heavily influence mayans had cities | Olmec |
| Spanish burned their books and they were writing down actual history | Olmec |
| don't know why they collapsed | Olmec |
| Tikal and other places were totally abandoned | Olmec |
| evidence of what was found | overuse of the land overpopulation severe drought warfare among city states |
| appeared a few 100 years B.C and last until 980 A.D | Olmec |
| central mexico 1100 A.D 1325 began building capital | Aztec |
| sacrificed to the water god | Aztec |
| most noted for human sacrifice | Aztec |
| priest would pull out hearts | Aztec |
| extended empire to most of modern day Mexico | Aztec |
| required people to sacrifice | Aztec |
| Spaniards gathered to fight against these people and won | Aztec |
| capital was Cuzco app early 1400s | Inca |
| established one of the largest and greatest civilization | Inca |
| approached people and it was either join or die | Inca |
| took chiefs kids | Inca |
| extensive agriculture and were the best in textile | Inca |
| Spaniards appeared when there was war between two brothers for ruler | Inca |
| people who conquered helped Spanish | Inca |
| Inca wanted to make a deal and gave what to the spaniards and they still killed him | gold |
| 441 who invaded Gaul | Attila |
| Romans and visigoths got together to fight who | Hun who withdrew |
| what happened to the Huns | they settled |
| vandals went across med and attacked who | Rome |
| who despised of the emperor of rome | German General Odovacar |
| who now threaten italy under Odovacar's rule | Ostrogoths |
| 3 years later who ruled italy | ostrogoths |
| german trades that invaded Britain | angles, saxons, jutes |
| italy tribe | ostrogoths |
| Britain | Anglosaxtons |
| north africa | vandals |
| gual and spain | visigoths |
| founder of islam | mohammed |
| mohammed grew up to be a what | merchant |
| 610 was what | first religious revolution |
| what does islam mean | submission to Allai |
| followers of Islam | muslims |
| were kicked out of the city because of persecution | muslims |
| Muhammad became what | the ruler |
| Muhammed captured what | the city of mecca |
| he also took over the mask | Kad'aba |
| Muhammad's writing | koran |
| who thought they should succeed muhammed | his cousin Ali |
| people chose who to succeed | his friend Albar Bakr |
| who was the emperor in 527-565 | Justinian |
| made attempt to reunite the empire and succeeded for a short term | Justinian |
| use internal disagreements among vandals to conquer them | Justinian |
| took portion of Spain from the Visigoths | Justinian |
| what status came back North Africa and Italy under Justinian | imperial status and imperial taxation |
| who bit off more they could chew | Justinian |
| when he died the empire collapsed because of bankrupt | Justinian |
| invaded Italy conquered most but the Visigoths controlled the rest of Spain | Lombards |
| By the year 200 who had taken all provinces in North Africa | Arabs |
| reduced eastern part of Roman Empire | Lombards |
| Who was the King of one of the Frankish tribes | Clovis |
| what did Clovis become | Christian |
| after Clovis died what was left of the Franks | they were all united |
| 720 began his rule over Frankish kingdom | Charles Martel |
| was able to stop islamic invasion of Europe and they were contained in Spain | Charles Martel |
| also set out to conquer German tribes on his borders by converting them | Charles Martel |
| sent English monk Boniface to help convert Germans | Charles Martel |
| what did the Monk Boniface do? | he founded monasteries among the borders |
| states owned by the pope | Papal States |
| who did the Pope go seek for help against the Lumbars | Charles Martel |
| King Charles changed his name to what? | Charlemaqne |
| who began a effort to subdue and convert Saxton tribes in Denmark and Germany | Charlemaqne |
| is now acknowledged ruler of all of the Christian areas in the west | Charlemaqne |
| people compared him to the old Roman Emperors | Charlemaqne |
| What happened on Christmas day in 800 | Pope Leo III crowned him emperor |
| What type of gov did Charlemaque run? | paternalistic |
| How did Charlemaque affect education | He urged Bishops and abbets to start training of priest which allowed monasteries to increase |
| Charlemaque's central government was what? | weak |
| what happens after Charlemaque dies | things begin to crumble and a series of devastating times |
| northmen | Vikings |
| began raiding coastal settlements in Europe | Vikings |
| were farmers and traders | Vikings |
| originated from Norway | Vikings |
| started raiding England and Ireland | Vikings |
| they came in the shadows with no warning | Vikings |
| what started to happen to the Vikings | they started to go inland and their base camps became permanent they became apart of history |
| how did the Vikings affect education | they looted churches and monasteries and burned them to the ground after, all those scribes and books were lost |
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esenkbeil
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