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Chapter 22

QuestionAnswer
What was the geocentric theory? the earth-centered view of the universe in which scholars believed that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe.
Who came up with the geocentric theory? Aristotle
What was the scientific revolution? a major change in European thought in which the study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs.
When did the scientific revolution begin? mid-1500s
What is the heliocentric theory? the idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun
What is the scientific method? a logical procedure for gathering information about the natural world, in which experimentation and observation are used to test hypotheses.
What was the Enlightenment? A new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought and the power for individuals to solve problems.
What did Hobbes believe about human nature? Hobbes believed that all humans are naturally selfish and wicked and need a strong ruler to govern.
What type of government did Hobbes favor and why? Hobbes favored a monarchy because people acted in their own self interest.
What did Locke believe were man’s natural rights? Locke believed that all people are born free and equal with three natural rights which are life, liberty, and property.
What type of government did Locke favor and why? Locke favored a democracy.
How did Denis Diderot reflect Enlightenment ideas? created a large set of books to which many leading scholars of Europe contributed articles and essays. He called it Encyclopedia and began publishing the first volumes in 1751.
How did Franz Joseph Haydn reflect Enlightenment ideas? wrote classical music
How did Mozart reflect Enlightenment ideas? wrote classical music
How did Beethoven reflect Enlightenment ideas? wrote classical music
How did Samuel Richardson reflect Enlightenment ideas? was an author who wrote novels
How did Frederick the Great reflect Enlightenment ideas? committed himself to reforming Prussia.
How did Joseph II reflect Enlightenment ideas? introduced legal reforms and freedom of the press.
How did Catherine the Great reflect Enlightenment ideas? ruled with absolute authority but also sought to reform Russia.
Where did Frederick the Great rule? Prussia
Where did Joseph II rule? Austria
Where did Catherine the Great rule? Russia
Created by: mshirman
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