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MBC 100 The Language of Medicine, Ch. 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abdominocentesis | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen. |
| achondroplasia | Inherited disorder in which the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size; a form of dwarfism |
| acromegaly | Fear of heights. |
| acute | Characterized by severe symptoms and a short course of illness. |
| adenoids | Small masses of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx, close to the nasal passageway. |
| adipose | Pertaining to fat. |
| agoraphobia | Fear of open spaces; an anxiety disorder. |
| amniocentesis | Surgical puncture with a needle to withdraw fluid from within the amniotic sac. |
| anemia | Condition marked by reduction in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin in blood. |
| angiogenesis | Formation of blood vessels. |
| angiography | X-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of a contrast material. |
| angioplasty | Surgical repair of a blood vessel. |
| arteriole | Smallest of arteries. |
| arteriosclerosis | Hardening of an artery with collection of fatty plaque. |
| artralgia | Joint pain. |
| atrophy | Decrease in size or lack of development of organ or tissue of the body; wasting away. |
| axillary | Pertaining to the underarm or armpit. |
| basophil | White blood cell (leukocyte) containing dark granules that stain with a basic dye. |
| biopsy | Process of removing a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination. |
| blepharoptosis | Sagging or drooping of eyelid; ptosis. |
| bronchitis | Inflammation of bronchial tubes. |
| carcinogenesis | formation or production of cancer. |
| carcingenic | Pertaining to producing cancer. |
| cardiac | Pertaining to the heart. |
| cardiomyopathy | Disease of the heart muscle. |
| chemotherapy | Treatment using drugs or chemicals. |
| chondromalacia | Softening of the cartilage. |
| chronic | Pertaining to occurring over a long time. |
| colostomy | New opening of the colon through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body. |
| cystocele | Hernia of the urinary bladder. |
| electroencephalogram | Record of the electricity in the brain. |
| electroencephalograph | An instrument used to record the electricity in the brain. |
| electroencephalography | Process of recording the electricity in the brain. |
| eosinophil | A granular white blood cell with cytoplasmic graules that stain with eosin (a reddish dye). |
| erythrocyte | Red blood cell. |
| erythropenia | Deficiency of red blood cells. |
| esophagus | Tube that carries food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach. |
| hematoma | Collection or mass of blood; bruise. |
| hemolysis | Destruction of red blood cells. |
| hemostasis | Stoppage of bleeding or circulation of blood. |
| hydronephrosis | Abnormal condition of excess backup of fluid (urine) in the kidney. |
| hydrotherapy | Treatment using water; whirlpool baths. |
| hpertrophy | Increase in size of tissue or an organ due to increase in size of individual cells. |
| inguinal | Pertaining to the groin. |
| ischemia | Condition of holding back blood from an organ or tissue. |
| laparascope | Instrument used to visually examine the abdomen. |
| laparoscopy | Process of visually examining the contents of the abdomen (using an endoscope). |
| laparatomy | Incision through the abdominal wall |
| laryngeal | Pertaining to the larynx or voice box. |
| laryngectomy | Removal of the larynx or voice box |
| leukemia | Disease of high numbers of malignant (cancerous) white blood cells. |
| leukocyte | White blood cell |
| leukocytosis | Slight increase in white blood cells. |
| lymphocyte | White blood cell found in blood and lymphatic tissue that fights disease. |
| mammogram | X-ray record of the breast. |
| mastectomy | Removal (excision) of a breast. |
| metastasis | Spread of a malignant tumor beyond its original location to a distant site. |
| monocyte | White blood cell with one large nucleus; capable of killing foreign substances by phagocytosis (ingestion). |
| morphology | Study of the shape or form of cells. |
| mucoid | Resembling mucus. |
| mucous membrane | Epithelial membrane that secretes mucus and lines the tubular organs of the body. |
| mucus | Sticky (viscous) substance that is secreted from a mucous membrane. |
| myalgia | Muscle pain. |
| myelitis | inflammation of the spinal cord. |
| myeloma | Malignant tumor of bone marrow. |
| myoma | Tumor of muscle |
| myosarcoma | Malignant tumor of muscle tissue; a type of flesh tumor or sarcoma. |
| necropsy | Viewing a dead body; autopsy. |
| necrosis | Condition of death of cells. |
| necrotic | Pertaining to death. |
| nephrologist | A specialist in the study of the kidneys. |
| nephropathy | Disease process of the kidneys |
| neuralgia | Nerve pain. |
| neutropenia | Deficiency of neutrophils. |
| neutrophil | A granular leukocyte; important disease-fighting cell |
| opthalmology | Study of the eye and eye disorders |
| osteogenic | Pertaining to produced in or by bone. |
| osteomalacia | Softening of bones. |
| otalgia | Ear pain. |
| paracentesis | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen; abdominocentesis |
| pathogenesis | Development of disease. |
| pathologic | Pertaining to the study of disease. |
| pericardium | Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart. |
| peritoneal | Pertaining to the peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdomen). |
| phlebotomy | Incision of a vein for the removal of blood. |
| platelet | Clotting cell also called thrombocyte. |
| pleural | Pertaining to the pleura (membrane surrounding the lungs and adjacent to the chest wall). |
| pleurodynia | Pain associated with the pleura |
| pneumonia | Acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli, which fill with pus, and products of inflammation. |
| polymorphonuclear leukocyte | White blood cell with multi-lobe nucleus and dark-staining granules; disease fighting cell or neutrophil. |
| ptosis | Prolapse, drooping, and sagging of the upper eyelid |
| pulmonary | Pertaining to the lung. |
| radiographer | One who assists a radiologist in performing diagnostic x-ray procedures. |
| radiotherapy | Treatment using radiation, high-enery x-rays or other radiation sources. |
| rectocele | Hernia of the rectum. |
| rhinorrhea | Discharge from the nose. |
| splenomegaly | Enlargement of the spleen. |
| staphylococci | Berry or spherical shaped bacteria. |
| streptococcus | Berry or spherical shaped bacterium in twisted chain formation. |
| thoracentesis | Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest. |
| thrombocyte | Platelets (clotting cells). |
| thrombocytopenia | Deficiency of clotting cells. |
| thrmbophlebitis | Inflammation of a vein associated with formation of a thrombus or clot. |
| tonsillar | Pertaining to the tonsils |
| tonsillitis | Inflammation of tonsils. |
| tracheostomy | An opening into the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted. |
| tracheotomy | New opening of the trachea to the outside of the body. |
| venule | Smallest of veins. |
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