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APWH STEARNS INDIA

INDIA CHAPTER 3

QuestionAnswer
Khyber Pass Opening in the Hindu Kush Mountains providing a connection to the outside world.
Mohenjo-daro Along with Harappa, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern.
Harappa Along with Mohenjo-daro, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern.
Aryans Indo-European nomadic pastoralists who replaced Harappan civilization; militarized society.
Sanskrit The sacred and classical Indian language.
Upanishads Later books of the Vedas; contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas; utilized by Brahmans to restore religious authority.
untouchables Lowest caste in Indian society; performed tasks that were considered polluting–street sweeping, removal of human waste, and tanning.
Vedas Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century b.c.e.
Chandragupta Maurya Founder of Maurya dynasty; established first empire in Indian subcontinent; first centralized government since Harappan civilization.
Guptas Dynasty that succeeded the Kushanas in the 3d century c.e.; built empire that extended to all but the southern regions of Indian subcontinent; less centralized than Mauryan Empire.
Religious Revivalism An approach to religious belief and practice that stresses the literal interpretation of texts sacred to the religion in question and the application of their precepts to all aspects of social life; has been increasingly associated in the late 20th centur
Buddha Creator of major Indian and Asian religion; born in 6th century b.c.e. as son of local ruler among Aryan tribes located near Himalayas; became an ascetic; taught that enlightenment could be achieved only by abandoning desires for all earthly things.
nirvana The Buddhist state of enlightenment, a state of tranquility.
Ashoka Grandson of Chandragupta Maurya; completed conquests of Indian subcontinent; converted to Buddhism and sponsored spread of new religion throughout his empire.
Rock & Pillar Edicts Found throughout the Ashoka's empire; reminded people to live generous & righteous lives.
arabic numerals Actually an Indian system of numerical notation transported by Arabs to West; central to two scientific revolutions.
Created by: mcdougcf
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