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APWH STEARNS CHINA

CHINA CHAPTER 2

QuestionAnswer
Great Wall Chinese defensive fortification intended to keep out nomadic invaders from the north; initiated during the Qin Dynasty under the leadership of Shi Huangdi.
Daoism Philosophy associated with Laozi; stressed need for alignment with Dao or cosmic force.
secret societies Chinese peasant organizations; provided financial support in hard times and physical protection in case of disputes with local aristocracy.
Han dynasty Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Qin in 202 b.c.e.; ruled for next 400 years.
Confucius Also known as Kung Fuzi; major Chinese philosopher; born in 6th century b.c.e.; author of Analects; philosophy based on need for restoration of order through advice of superior men to be found among the shi.
scholar-gentry Chinese class created by the marital linkage of the local land-holding aristocracy with the office-holding shi; superseded shi as governors of China
Qin dynasty Established in 221 b.c.e. at the end of the Warring States period following the decline of the Zhou dynasty; fell in 207 b.c.e.
Wu Ti Most famous of the Han rulers; known for bringing peace to most of the Asian continent. He popularized Confucianism and improved the power of state machinery.
Legalists Chinese school of political thought; served Qin dynasty and subsequent dynasties; stressed need for the absolute power of the emperor; power enforced through strict application of laws.
eunuchs Castrated males used within the households of Chinese emperors, usually to guard the emperors' concubines; became political counterbalance to powerful marital relatives during later Han.
Mandate of Heaven The divine source for political legitimacy of Chinese rulers; established by Zhou to justify overthrow of Shang.
Created by: mcdougcf
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