City-state, the basic political unit in Greece.

A walled, high area around which a polis was typically built.

Marketplace, usually found below a polis's acropolis.

State slaves of Sparta who farmed so that the Spartans could train for war.

Great pride that often led heroes to tragic ends.

Athenian lawmaker who revised laws and created an elected council to help govern, the first step toward democracy.

A leader who seizes power by force and claims to rule for the good of the people.

Athenian reformer, often called "the father of democracy".

System of government in which all people vote directly on an issue.

Elected official who acted as the head of both the assembly and the council of 500.

A tight rectangle formation in which soldiers held long spears out ahead of their shields.

Military and political leader of Athens who is credited with most of the rebuilding of city after the Persian Wars.

First of the great Athenian philosophers, believed that working through a series of questions led people to discover the basic nature of life.

Great philosopher and student of Socrates, wrote about government and other topics, founded the Academy.

Athenian philosopher who studied at the Academy, used philosophy to pursue every kind of knowledge.

The process of making inferences.

Legendary poet from the 800s BC who composed the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Poetry which was sung with the accompaniment of an instrument called a lyre.

First major historian; lived during the wars with Persia and wrote about them.

Historian who wrote about the Peloponnesian War.

Macedonian leader who ruled Greece and conquered Persia.

Greek-like; describes a culture that was no longer purely Greek, but included elements from Persia, Egypt, Central Asia, and other regions.

Egyptian who formulated many of the geometry ideas we still learn today.

Egyptian scientist who calculated the size of the world, arriving at a figure remarkably close to the actual circumference of the globe.

One of the ancient world's greatest investors, used mathematics and physics to create devices that would make life easier.

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Chapter Five

Term	Definition
Polis	City-state, the basic political unit in Greece.
Acropolis	A walled, high area around which a polis was typically built.
Agora	Marketplace, usually found below a polis's acropolis.
Helots	State slaves of Sparta who farmed so that the Spartans could train for war.
Hoplites	Spartan foot soldiers.
Hubris	Great pride that often led heroes to tragic ends.
Democracy	Government run by the people.
Solon	Athenian lawmaker who revised laws and created an elected council to help govern, the first step toward democracy.
Tyrant	A leader who seizes power by force and claims to rule for the good of the people.
Cleisthenes	Athenian reformer, often called "the father of democracy".
Direct Democracy	System of government in which all people vote directly on an issue.
Archon	Elected official who acted as the head of both the assembly and the council of 500.
Phalanx	A tight rectangle formation in which soldiers held long spears out ahead of their shields.
Pericle	Military and political leader of Athens who is credited with most of the rebuilding of city after the Persian Wars.
Socrates	First of the great Athenian philosophers, believed that working through a series of questions led people to discover the basic nature of life.
Plato	Great philosopher and student of Socrates, wrote about government and other topics, founded the Academy.
Aristotle	Athenian philosopher who studied at the Academy, used philosophy to pursue every kind of knowledge.
Reason	Clear and ordered thinking.
Logic	The process of making inferences.
Homer	Legendary poet from the 800s BC who composed the Iliad and the Odyssey.
Lyric Poetry	Poetry which was sung with the accompaniment of an instrument called a lyre.
Herodotus	First major historian; lived during the wars with Persia and wrote about them.
Thucydidles	Historian who wrote about the Peloponnesian War.
Alexander the Great	Macedonian leader who ruled Greece and conquered Persia.
Hellenistic	Greek-like; describes a culture that was no longer purely Greek, but included elements from Persia, Egypt, Central Asia, and other regions.
Euclid	Egyptian who formulated many of the geometry ideas we still learn today.
Eratosthenes	Egyptian scientist who calculated the size of the world, arriving at a figure remarkably close to the actual circumference of the globe.
Archimedes	One of the ancient world's greatest investors, used mathematics and physics to create devices that would make life easier.

Created by: annaperrell

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