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Lower body muscles

Sieg and Adams pages 80-111

QuestionAnswer
origin: long head: ischeal tuberosity short head: linea aspera Biceps Femoris
origin: ischeal tuberosity insertion: posterior tibial condyle semimembranosus
action: extension of hip, flexion of knee, medial rotation of flexed knee semimembranosus
origin: anterior pubis insertion: between lesser trochanter and linea aspera pectineus
origin: medial and lateral epicondyle of femur gastrocnemius
action: plantar flexion gastrocnemius
origin: ischeal tuberosity insertion: anterior proximal (medial) tibial shaft semitendinosus
action: extension of hip, flexion of knee, medial rotation of flexed knee semitendinosus
origin: soleal line of tibia, posterior head of upper tibial shaft soleus
action: plantar flexion of ankle soleus
deep to gastrocnemeus, known as the second heart with gastrocnemeus referred to as "triceps surae" soleus
insertion: pes anserinus (means goose foot) on the medial tibial shaft sartorius, gracilius, semitendinosus
forms the medial border of the femoral triangle adductor longus
the most superficial and medial adductor. Most injured of adductors and the only adductor to cross two joints gracilis
uppermost medial thigh muscle, a transitional muscle considered an extension of the iliopsoas pectineus
found deep to adductor longus adductor brevis
2 nerves, 2 insertions, 2 origins. Largest and deepest adductor and creates the adductor hiatus. The only adductor to aid hip extension adductor magnus
Most common long bone to be fractured, 2nd largest bone in the body, triangular tibia
Latin for pin, this bone is on the lateral side of the leg fibula
calcaneus heel bone
origin: anterior pubis insertion: linea aspera Adductor longus and adductor brevis
origin: lateral epicondoyle of femur insertion: calcaneus via achilles tendon plantaris
origin: pubis insertion: medial tibia gracilis
action: adduction of femur. Flexion and medial rotation of flexed knee gracilis
origin: pubis and ischeal tuberosity adductor magnus
origin: tibia and interosseous membrane insertion: base of first metatarsal & first (medial) cuniform on plantar surface tibialis anterior
action: dorsiflexion of ankle and inversion of foot tibialis anterior
origin: anterior calcaeus insertion: extensor of 4 medial toes extensor digitorum brevis
action: aids extension of 4 medial toes at MP joints (metatarsophalangeal) extensor digitorum brevis
origin: FIBULA, inerosseous membrane, and anterior shaft of fibula insertion: distal phalanx of the great toe extensor hallucis longus
action: extension of great toe at IP joint, assists in dorsiflexion of ankle, assists in inversion extensor hallucis longus
origin: fibula (proximal 2/3 anterior shaft and tibia (lateral condoyle) insertion: middle and distal phlanges of 4 LATERAL toes extensor digitorum longus
action: extends 4 lateral toes at MP joint. Assists dorsiflexion of ankle, assists eversion of foot. extensor digitorum longus
compares to extensor pollicis longus in hand assists inversion of foot extensor hallucis longus
the band of tissue that holds tendons in place retinaculum
paralysis of this muscle causes foot drop, shin splints involve this muscle, inverts the foot tibialis anterior
the key that unlocks the knee, the deepest muscle at the back of the knee. It "pops" the lock popliteus
deepest muscle in posterior calf, tendon wraps around the medial malleolus, used in walking on uneven ground tibialis posterior
origin: posterior fibula insertion: distal phalanx of great toe flexor hallucis longus
action: flexion of great toe at IP joint, assists plantar flexion of ankle. flexor hallucis longus
origin: posterior of tibia insertion: distal phalanges of 4 lateral toes flexor digitorum longus
action: FLEXION of 4 lateral toes at DIP joints, assists plantar flexion of ankle, assists inversion flexor digitorum longus
origin: posterior tibia, posterior fibula, interosseous membrane insertion: navicular and adjacent tarsals and metatarsals tibialis posterior
action: inversion of foot, assists in plantar flexioin of ankle tibialis posterior
origin: lateral condoyle of femur insertion: posterior proximal tibial shaft popliteus
action: initiates knee flexion (by medial rotation) popliteus
largest and strongest of deep six lateral rotators of the hip piriformis
formed from three pelvic bones, translation "vinegar cup" acetabulum
largest bone in the pelvis ilium
greek for rump, used mostly for power going up stairs, rising from sitting gluteus maximus
alternate contraction of these muscles occurs in walking, *paralysis on one side is "gluteus medias limp" gluteus medias
connects muscles to bones tendons
connects bone to bone ligament
covers all muscle, ligaments and tendons fascia
this muscle braces the knee when walking also know as iliotibital band (ITB) tensor faciae latae
the only quadricep that crosses two joints rectus femoris
the longest muscle in the body, forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle sartorius
deepest muscle of the back, known as the "hip hiker," chief muscle in low back pain quadratus lumborum
tightness without sciatica= "ballerina butt" this muscle can pinch the sciatic nerve piriformis
the strongest hip flexor iliopsoas
origin: ASIS insertion: upper medial shaft of tibia sartorius
action: assists flexion, abduction, lateral rotation of femur at hip, assists flexion and mecial rotation of knee sartorius
origin: linea aspera on posterior femur insertion: patella to tibial tuberosity vastus medialis
action: extension of knee vastus medialis, intermedius, and lateralis
origin: linea aspera and greater trochanter insertion: patella to tibial tuberosity vastus lateralis
origin: tibia and interosseous membrane insertion: base of first metatarsal & first (medial) cuniform on plantar surface tibialis anterior
action: dorsiflexion of ankle and inversion of foot tibialis anterior
origin: anterior calcaneus insertion: extensor expansion of 4 medial toes extensor digitorum brevis
action: aids extension of 4 medial toes at MP joints Extensor Hallucis Brevis extensor digitorum brevis
origin: anterior shaft of FIBULA and interosseous membrane insertion: distal phalanx of great toe extensor hallucis longus
action: extension of great to at IP joint assists dorsiflexion of ankle, assists in inversion extensor hallucis longus
origin: fibula (proximal 2/3 anterior shaft and tibia insertion: middle and distal phalanges of 4 lateral toes. extensor digitorum longus
action: extends 4 lateral toes at MP joints, assists dorsiflexion of ankle and assists eversion of foot. extensor digitorum longus
a band of tissue that holds tendons in place retinaculum
compares to extensor pollicis longus in hand, assist in inversion extensor hallucis longus
paralysis of this muscle causes foot drop, shin splints involve this muscle, inverts the foot tibialis anterior
the key that unlocks the knee, it "pops the lock," deepest muscle at the back of the knee. popliteus
deepest muscle in the posterior calf, tendon wraps around your medial malleolus, used in walking on uneven ground tibialis posterior
origin: posterior fibula insertion: distal phalanx of great toe flexor hallucis longus
action: flexion of great toe at IP joint, assists plantar flexion of ankle flexor hallucis longus
origin: lateral condoyle of femur insertion:posterior proximal tibial shaft popliteus
action: initiates knee flexion (by medial rotation) popliteus
origin: posterior tibia, posterior fibula, interosseous memebrane insertion: navicular and adjacent tarsals and metatarsals tibialis posterior
action: inversion of foot, assists in plantar flexion of ankle tibialis posterior
origin: posterior of tibia insertion: distal phalanges of 4 lateral toes flexor digitorum longus
action: flexion of 4 lateral toes at DIP joints, assists plantar flexion of ankle, assists inversion flexor digitorum longus
Created by: joycet
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