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Behavioral Neuro

Ch.2 Communication between neurons

TermFunctions
synaptic transmission Transmission of messages from one neuron to the other
presynaptic cell the cell releasing neurotransmitters through terminal buttons
postsynaptic cell the cell opposite the terminal button in a synapse, the cell that receives the message
presynaptic cell the sending cell through terminal buttons
postsynaptic potentials brief depolarization or hyperpolarizations that increase or decrease the rate of firing of the axon of the postsynaptic neuron.
synaptic transmission transmission of messages from one neuron to another across a synapse.
postsynaptic potentials neurotransmitters produce brief depolarizations or hyperpolarizations that increase or decrease the rate of firing of the axon of the postsynaptic neuron.
binding site neurotransmitters exert their effects on cells by attaching to a particular region of a receptor molecule. a molecule of the chemical fits into the binding site the way a key fits into a lock.
ligand a chemical that attaches to a binding site
neurotransmitters are naturally occurring ligands, produced and released by neurons
dendritic spines small protrusions that stud the dendrites of several types of large neurons in the brain.
presynaptic membrane located at the end of the terminal button
postsynaptic membrane located on the neuron that receives the message.
synaptic cleft a gap that varies in size from synapse to synapse but is usually around 20nm wide
synaptic cleft where the presynaptic cleft and the postsynaptic cleft meet a meshwork of filaments that cross it and keeps the two former in alignment
vesicle little bladder
synaptic vesicles small rounded objects in the shape of spheres or ovoids. One terminal button can contain from a few hundred to nearly a million synaptic vesicles
transport proteins fill vesicles with the neurotransmitter
trafficking proteins involved in the release of neurotransmitters and recycling of the vesicles
release zone the region from which the neurotransmitter is released.
Golgi apparatus produces synaptic vesicles
calcium ions needed for some neurons to release neurotransmitter
fusion pore a hole through both membranes that enables them to fuse together
kiss and run a process by which the synaptic vesicles release most or all of their neurotransmitter and then break away from the presynaptic membrane and get filled with neurotransmitter again
Created by: Dalea
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