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Chapter Three
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Delta | A triangular region formed at the mouth of a river be deposits of silt. |
| Cataracts | Rocky stretches in a river marked by rapid currents or waterfalls. |
| Menes (fl. 3100 BC) | First Pharaoh of Egypt; he is credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt and is said to have founded the city of Memphis, the capital of unified Egypt. |
| Pharaoh | Ruler of ancient Egypt |
| Theocracy | A government ruled by religious leaders who claim God's authority. |
| Bureaucracy | A highly structured organization, often governmental, managed by officials. |
| Hatshepsut | Queen of ancient Egypt; she took the throne in place of her stepson, Thutmose |||, and during her reign, focused on temple-building projects and trade. |
| Ramses the || (Great) | Pharaoh of Egypt; he led an army against the Hittite invaders of Egypt. He ruled Egypt with extravagance and built more temples and monuments than any other Egyptian pharaoh. |
| Obelisks | Tall, thin pillars with pyramid-shaped tops. |
| Mummification | The process of preserving the body with chemicals after death. |
| Hieroglyphics | A form of ancient writing in which picture symbols represent sounds. |
| Papyrus | A paper-like material made by ancient Egyptians by the stem of the reedy papyrus plant, which grows in the Nile river delta. |
| Rosetta Stone | A granite stone found in 1799 that bears an inscription in hieroglyphics, demotic characters, and Greek; gave the first clue to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics. |
| Piankhi ( 751 - 716 BC) | King of ancient Kush; he led the Kushites north into Egypt, conquering all of Egypt and making himself Pharaoh. |
| Smelt | To melt or fuse metal in order to separate the metallic components. |