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Muscular Stystem
Tuesday 7-21-9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 main functions of the muscular system | External Mobility-Internal mobility-Heat production-Posture Maintence |
| which muscle type contains striations? (2)Skeletal,Smooth or Cardiac? | Skeletal & Cardiac |
| Which muscle type has one centrally located nucleus? (2) Skeletal, Smooth or Cardica? | Smooth & Cardiac |
| Which muscle type has small or elongated fibers | Sketetal |
| Which muscle type is involuntary (2) | Smooth and Cardiac |
| Which muscle type fatigues rapidly | Skeletal |
| Which muscle type is located in the heart | cardiac |
| Which muscle type must be stimulated be a nerve impulse | skeletal |
| Which muscle type forms the walls of hollow organs | smooth |
| Many muscle fibers are grouped into bundles of tissue known as.. | Perimysium |
| when tendons corss multiple joints they are wrapped in ... | Tendon Sheaths |
| Sarcomeres are composed of bundles of protein threads called... | Myofilament |
| Basic muscle cell | Muscle Fiber |
| Basic contractile unit of a muscle cell | Fasciculi |
| A broad flat tendon | Aponeurosis |
| the cytoplasm of the cell | Sarcoplasm |
| bundles of fasciculi are again bound by another fascial layer | Sarcomere |
| the cell membrane-encases sarcoplasm adn organells | Sarcolemma |
| a structure made of deep fascia that anchors muscle to bone | tendon |
| what is the special molecule that stores energy? | ATP |
| what respiration requires oxygen in order to form APT and maintain enegery levels | Aerobic respiration |
| what respiration in the presence of oxygen, breaks down glucose and releases apt to produce lactic acid | Anaerobic respiration |
| what acid is formed as the end product of anaerobic glycolysis | Lactic acide |
| what is fatigue resistant | Slow Twitch |
| the price of a more rapid contraction is a quick depletion of apt and fibers that fatique quickly | fast twitch |
| referred to as pink muscle | intermediate |
| classified in between the 2 extremes of slow and fast twitch fiber | intermediate |
| many world class sprinters have a high ratio of these fibers in their leg muscles | intermediate |
| a high ratio of these fibers would be present in the legs of world class long distance runners | slow twitch |
| known as white muscle | fast twitch |
| known as red muscle | slow twitch |
| the muscle changed in tension but not in length | isometric contraction |
| the tone or tension within a muscle ramins the same as the length of the muscle changeds | isotonic contraction |
| the most common type of muscle contraction | isotonic contraction |
| a type of isotonic contraction that occurs as the muscle SHORTENS | Concentric Contraction |
| a type of isotonic contraction that occurs as the muscle LENGTHENS | Eccentric Contraction |
| Proprioceptors are ____ located in the muscles, tendons and joints | Sensory Receptors |
| the ____ are proprioceptors that are located within the muscle belly & serve as a protective mechanism 2 safeguard the muscle from over-strectching caused by musclular contraction | Muscle Spindles |
| these proprioceptor is located in the musculo-tendinous junction and detects tension applied 2 the tendon during slow static stretch | Golgi tendon Organs |
| myofibrils are made up of what? | Myofilaments |
| retainng bands for tendons | Retinacula |
| wraps around fibers/cells | endomysium |
| covers fasciculi | perimyslium |
| wraps around entire muscle | epimysium |
| wraps around muscle groups | deep fascia |
| fluid filled system of cavities that contain calcium | Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| unit of measure | Sacromeres |
| power plant | mitochondria |
| channels with in sacrolemma;helps spread nerve impluse | t tubes |
| muscle nerve | motor neuron |
| single motor neuron plus all muscle fibers | motor unit |
| btw motor neuron and motor end plate | neuromuscler junction |
| motor neurons connect 2 folded sections of sarcolemma | motor end plate |
| narrow gap or cleft across which neurotransmitters or chemical messages diffuse | synapse |
| prime mover | Agonist |
| opposite of Agnoist | Antagonist |
| contract same tiem as prime mover to help assist | Synergist |
| Stabilizers | fixators |
| skeletal muscle contraction in which there is an increase in tension by a contraction adn the muscle length does not change | Isometric |
| when the central nervous system sends a message for the agonistic to contract, the tension in the antagonist is inhibited by impluses from motor neurons | Reciprocal Inhibition |
| what is a contractile unit | sarcomere |
| how can you measure a contractile unit (sarcomere) | looking at the Z line |
| muscle condition involves spasms of the sternocleidomastoid muscles that could cause vertigo | Torticollis |
| what condition is caused by collection of genetic dieseases characterized by the progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles w/out any indication of neural degeneration | Muscle Dystrophy |
| what condition describes a decrease in the size of the muscle fibers or wasting away | Atrophy |
| an injury of a muscle or tendon caused by violent contraction. | strain |
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leahc2311
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